Bentuk Perang Baru di Abad Ke 21 Studi Kasus: Perang Sipil di Liberia 1989-2003
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v2i02.187Keywords:
perang baru, perang sipil, liberiaAbstract
Sistem internasional mengalami transformasi yang sangat besar. Transformasi ini telah terjadi setelah perang dingin dan membuat banyak aktor menyesuaikan diri untuk menghadapinya. Pasca perang dingin menyebabkan perubahan situasi lingkungan strategis baru di mana kemampuan perang non-konvensional berkembang. Globalisasi telah memunculkan pola peperangan baru. Metode peperangan baru memiliki bentuk perang yang bercirikan kekerasan antara berbagai kombinasi jaringan negara dan non-negara yang berperang dengan politik identitas. Studi ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan bentuk-bentuk perang baru yang terjadi pada abad ke-21 dan perbedaan karakteristik antara perang lama dan perang baru. Diskusi ini disertai dengan studi kasus tentang perang baru di Liberia. Perang saudara di Liberia adalah salah satu contoh perang baru di abad ke-21. Perang saudara ini juga menggunakan metode perang baru yang bercirikan kekerasan terhadap warga sipil.
References
Agbese, P. O., & Kieh, G. K. (2004). The military and politics in Africa: from engagement to democratic and Constitutional control. Ashgate.
Gariba, E. B. (2011). Post-conflict development in Liberia: Governance, security, capacity building and a developmental approach. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, 11(2), 105–132.
Hrnčiar, M. (2017). Keystones of irregular warfare. International Conference Knowledge- Based Organization, 23(1), 150–154.
Kaldor, M. (2013). New and old wars: Organised violence in a global era. John Wiley & Sons.
Kaldor, M., Moore, H. L., & Selchow, S. (2012). Global Civil Society 2012 (Vol. 248).
Springer.
Liebling-Kalifani, H., Mwaka, V., Ojiambo-Ochieng, R., Were-Oguttu, J., Kinyanda, E., Kwekwe, D., Howard, L., & Danuweli, C. (2011). Women war survivors of the 1989- 2003 conflict in Liberia: the impact of sexual and gender-based violence. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 12(1), 1–21.
Malantowicz, A. (2013). Civil war in Syria and the new wars debate. Amsterdam LF, 5, 52.
Marshall, L., Biesmeijer, J. C., Rasmont, P., Vereecken, N. J., Dvorak, L., Fitzpatrick, U.,
Francis, F., Neumayer, J., Ødegaard, F., & Paukkunen, J. P. T. (2018). The interplay of climate and land use change affects the distribution of EU bumblebees. Global Change Biology, 24(1), 101–116.
Mumford, A. (2013). Proxy warfare. John Wiley & Sons.
Nugrahani, F., & Hum, M. (2014). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Solo: Cakra Books.
Okoli, A. C., Atelhe, G. A., & Alphonsus, T. A. (2019). LIBERIA: Civil War and the Complications SALWs Proliferation. Conflict Studies Quarterly, 29.
Reichborn-Kjennerud, E., & Cullen, P. (2016). What is hybrid warfare? JSTOR.
Rigterink, A. (2013). New wars in numbers: An empirical test of the ‘new war’thesis.
Security in Transition, Discussion Paper, London School of Economics (SiT/DP ….
UKEssays. (2018). Has Globalization Created a New Type of Warfare?
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/politics/globalization-and-war.php
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Dara Yandina Poetri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
