Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains

Modernization of Indonesian Naval Fleet to Realize Asta Cita

Deni Setiawati — 2025-11-20

This research discusses the modernization of Indonesia's naval fleet as a strategic effort to realize Asta Cita, which is the ideal of the Indonesian nation in maintaining maritime sovereignty, improving maritime security, and strengthening the role of the state in the regional region. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with analysis of documents, literature, and secondary data from relevant government agencies. The results show that the modernization of the naval fleet, including the procurement of advanced patrol vessels, warships, and cutting-edge surveillance technologies, is able to improve the effectiveness of maritime defense, hybrid threat mitigation, and support for maritime resource management. This modernization is the key to achieving Asta Cita in a sustainable manner.

The Influence of Influencer Credibility and Overclaim on Repurchase Intention Through Brand Trust on Scora Products

Aufi Anastasia — 2025-11-21

The development of digital technology and social media platforms has led to major changes in marketing tactics, especially in the skincare industry. SCORA, as a domestic skincare brand, uses influencer reputation and digital marketing to develop relationships with customers. However, the emergence of overclaim issues in one of SCORA's products has raised doubts about its effect on brand trust and repurchase intention. This study aims to investigate the influence of influencer credibility and overclaim on repurchase intention, with brand trust as a mediating variable. The study employs a quantitative method through a survey questionnaire administered to 100 individuals who have used SCORA products and were affected by the overclaim issue. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and mediation tests. The expected outcomes of this study are a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between influencer credibility, overclaim, brand trust, and repurchase intention, as well as practical recommendations for industry players in designing more effective and ethical communication and promotion strategies.

Application of Lex Superior Principle in Shareholders General Meeting at Public Companies: South Jakarta District Court Case NO. 91/PDT. P/2024

Andryan Esra Sembiring — 2025-11-20

Law No. 40 of 2007 is a Lex Superior for Limited Liability Companies in the Implementation of the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS), as regulated in Chapter VI articles 75 to 91. When the Limited Liability Company becomes a Public Company, the holding of the GMS is subject to the Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No. 15 of 2020, so that POJK No. 15 of 2020 is an inferior Legi to Law No. 40 of 2007. In the decision of the Panel of Judges of the South Jakarta District Court No. 91/Pdt.P/2024/PN Jkt on the application to reduce the number of quorums in the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders at PT Exploitasi Energi Indonesia, Tbk, the Panel of Judges made a determination decision granting the application of PT Exploitasi Energi Indonesia, Tbk, with legal considerations: (a) The Articles of Association of PT Exploitasi Energi Indonesia, Tbk Article 22 letter F state that in the event that the quorum of the Second GMS is not reached, then at the request of the Company, the quorum is determined by the Chairman of the District Court whose territory includes the Company's domicile (b) Article 86 paragraph 5 of Law No. 40 of 2007 states that in the event that the quorum of the Second GMS as referred to in paragraph 4 is not reached, The Company may request the Chairman of the District Court whose jurisdiction includes the Company's domicile on the request to establish a quorum for the Third GMS (c) Article 78 paragraph (4) of Law No. 40 of 2007 that other GMS may be held at any time based on the need for the benefit of the Company (d) Article 22 paragraph 2 of the Articles of Association of PT Exploitasi Energi Indonesia, Tbk that the Second GMS is valid and has the right to make binding decisions if attended by shareholders who are representing at least 1/3 (one-third) of the total number of shares with valid voting rights (d) Because from 2021-2023 PT Exploitasi Energi Indonesia, Tbk could not hold the EGMS due to lack of quorum, the Panel of Judges deemed it necessary to hold other EGMS to accommodate the impasse experienced by the Company. The above legal considerations can explain the decision of the Panel of Judges which applies the Principle of Lex Superior Derogate Legi Inferiori in the implementation of EGMS in Public Companies which is final and has permanent legal force in accordance with article 86 paragraph 7 of Law No. 40 of 2007.

Legal Certainty on Prohibition of Transfer of Debtor's Rights and Obligations in Fiduciary Security Agreement

Marga Yanto — 2025-11-21

This study aims to analyze the legal certainty regarding the prohibition of the transfer of debtors' rights and obligations in fiduciary guarantee agreements based on Article 36 of Law Number 42 of 1999. The research employs a normative legal method with a qualitative approach through case studies and analysis of court decisions. The results indicate that although the prohibition of transfer is explicitly regulated by law, its implementation still faces various challenges, primarily due to weak law enforcement, inconsistent application of sanctions, and the prevalence of violations that are not strictly addressed. The findings reveal that the practice of transferring fiduciary objects without creditor consent remains widespread, creating legal uncertainty and risks of loss for the parties involved. Based on an analysis of Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal certainty, Philipus M. Hadjon's theory of legal protection, and John Rawls' theory of justice, this study recommends the need for legal reform of fiduciary guarantees through digitization of the registration system, strengthening of monitoring mechanisms, inter-agency synergy, and improving public legal literacy. These reforms are expected to enhance legal certainty, the effectiveness of creditor protection, justice for debtors, and the protection of bona fide third parties proportionally in the fiduciary-based financing system in Indonesia.

Military Threats In The Global Sea: Implications For Indonesia’s Maritime Security Toward Golden Indonesia 2045

Ceppi Hilmansyah — 2025-11-21

Military threats in global waters are increasingly complex and significantly impact Indonesia's maritime security. Regional geopolitical dynamics, major power rivalries, and foreign military activities in strategic waters demand resilient maritime defense readiness toward the Golden Indonesia 2045 vision. This study analyzes the implications of global military threats on Indonesia's maritime security and formulates defense strategies aligned with the Golden Indonesia 2045 vision. The research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods. Data were collected through literature studies of primary and secondary sources, including policy documents, international reports, and recent academic publications. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that global military threats significantly impact Indonesia's maritime security, particularly through foreign military presence in the South China Sea, uncoordinated military exercises, and hybrid technology developments. These threats require modernization of maritime defense systems, enhanced human resource capacity, and strengthened maritime diplomacy. Strong maritime security is a fundamental pillar in realizing the Golden Indonesia 2045 vision. Indonesia's maritime defense strategy needs to comprehensively integrate military, diplomatic, legal, and economic aspects. Modernization of primary weapons systems, human resource development, and regional cooperation are key to addressing global military threats and supporting Indonesia's achievement as a sovereign developed nation

The Role of Work Stress as a Triggering Factor for Graves' Disease

Riovani Nurfahmi Adam — 2025-11-21

Graves’ disease is the most common form of autoimmune hyperthyroidism, characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production due to overstimulation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor by autoantibodies (TRAb). Beyond genetic and immunological factors, psychosocial stress particularly chronic occupational stress plays a significant role in triggering and exacerbating the disease. Persistent activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis may cause immune dysregulation, contributing to the development of thyroid autoimmunity. A female patient working as a Head of the Accounting Division with a high workload presented with weight loss, palpitations, tremor, and insomnia. Laboratory evaluation revealed elevated T3 and FT4 levels, suppressed TSH, and positive TRAb. Thyroid ultrasonography showed diffuse gland enlargement consistent with diffuse toxic goitre. The patient was diagnosed with Graves’ disease and treated with thiamazole, propranolol, and alprazolam. Her perfectionist work style and chronic occupational stress were considered key triggers for sustained HPA axis activation and autoantibody formation. Numerous studies indicate that psychosocial stress increases the risk of Graves’ disease through complex neuroendocrine–immune interactions. Chronic HPA axis activation alters cortisol secretion and elevates proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, leading to a loss of immune tolerance to thyroid tissue. This case underscores the importance of addressing psychosocial factors in the clinical evaluation and management of Graves’ disease. Chronic occupational stress may contribute to the onset and progression of Graves’ disease through neuroendocrine and immune dysregulation. Comprehensive management including pharmacologic therapy, stress reduction, psychosocial support, and workload adjustment is essential to achieve optimal remission and improve patients’ quality of life.

Implementation of Bloom's Theory in Quality Improvement Collaborative Strategies to Reduce Preeclampsia Cases

Andreas Syabrullah — 2025-11-21

The main target of the third goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) regarding health and well-being is to reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate to below 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal death in 2023. Reducing the Maternal Mortality Rate will not be effective if it relies solely on government programs without support and participation from all parties. The Quality Improvement Collaborative is a form of cooperation among staff, professions, and work units focused on maximizing the use of resources to achieve the shared goal of improving patient care quality. This activity aims to deepen the understanding of the Quality Improvement Collaborative in reducing preeclampsia cases, using a socialization method involving several work units. The community service on Quality Improvement Collaborative to reduce preeclampsia cases was held on January 17, 2025, in two sessions. It used the Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) approach and included three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The evaluation results of the pre-test and post-test using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in knowledge, with a p-value of 0.000. This service effectively increased knowledge, which serves as the main foundation for taking action. Similar activities can be continued by utilizing more innovative media to enhance their effectiveness.

Arabic Language Learning Design Based on Student Islamic Boarding School

Suhaidi Suhaidi — 2025-11-12

This study aims to find out how the design of Arabic Language Learning at Mohammad Natsir Institute of Da’wah, inhibiting factors of learning Arabic, and the steps to overcome these obstacles. The research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection employs observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. Checking the validity of the data uses three techniques, namely the extension of the researcher's presence, observational persistence, and triangulation. For data analysis, three stages are used: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/verification. Based on the results of the analysis, the conclusions are as follows: First, the design of the students’ Arabic learning is applied from the first semester to the fourth semester, especially for the students of the first and second semesters who must focus on learning Arabic, so that Indonesian language courses are studied in the next semester. Second, the inhibiting factor of Arabic learning is that the initial ability of the students is still very low, and the core issue is that the resources who become the mobilizer and the figure in language have not been instrumental in building Arabic language skills. Thirdly, some steps have been taken, such as increasing the hours of Arabic lessons, specializing Arabic materials in the first and second semesters, classifying students by ability, providing additional materials to students with special needs, and making extracurricular programs, playing Arabic audio, and translating some announcements both spoken and written in Arabic.

Esophageal achalasia is treated with surgical Heller Cardiomyotomy and Dor Funduplication a rare case report

Agus Frengky — 2025-11-22

Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder characterized by a lack of peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. With elevated LES pressure, the esophageal diameter can increase, and some patients develop end-stage achalasia, such as megaesophagus or sigmoid esophagus with significant dilation and tortuosity. The global annual incidence of achalasia is approximately 1 in 100,000, with an overall prevalence of 9 to 10 per 100,000. Patients most commonly experience dysphagia with liquids, regurgitation, and sometimes chest pain with or without weight loss. Management of this type of achalasia aims to relieve symptoms by improving esophageal emptying and reducing the pressure gradient. This case report discusses a patient who underwent surgical heller cardiomyotomy and dor fundoplication for the management of esophageal achalasia.

Unveiling the Drivers of Human Development: The Role of Education and Health in Eastern Indonesia

Putu Ananda Devi Nugraha — 2025-11-21

This study aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous effects of education and health on the Human Development Index. This study is a quantitative study using Panel data from 2014-2023 in Eastern Indonesia. Then, the data was analyzed using Multiple Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis. The results of the study indicate that the education variable has a positive and significant partial effect on the human development index in Eastern Indonesia. Meanwhile, the health variable does not have a partial effect on the human development index in Eastern Indonesia. Simultaneously, education and health affect the human development index in Eastern Indonesia. The implication of the study is to confirm that improving the quality of education is a key factor in improving the human development index in Eastern Indonesia, while health requires improved service quality and equal access so that it can have a real impact on the development of the human development index in Eastern Indonesia.

Diabetic Retinopathy Department

Citra Belia Candra Sari — 2025-11-20

Diabetic retinopathy (RD) is one of the chronic microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus which is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. This condition arises as a result of chronic hyperglycemia that triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, and retinal endothelial dysfunction, resulting in capillary leakage, microvascular occlusion, and pathological neovascularization. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of pathophysiological aspects, epidemiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies for Diabetic Retinopathy, emphasizing the relationship between the control of systemic risk factors and disease progressivity. This study uses a literature review-based descriptive approach by analyzing secondary data from various scientific publications, clinical guidelines, and global health reports, including from WHO, ADA, and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The results of the study show that the prevalence of RD is increasing along with the increase in the number of diabetics globally and nationally. Major risk factors include poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and long duration of diabetes. Early detection through wide pupil funduscopy as well as therapies such as laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injections have been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of the disease. RD is a complex disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Optimal control of glucose levels and blood pressure as well as regular retinal examinations are essential to prevent permanent blindness. This study contributes to enriching the national literature related to diabetic ocular complications and provides recommendations for strengthening routine screening, patient education, and further research on innovative therapies based on biomarkers and anti-VEGF agents to improve vision quality and reduce the rate of blindness due to RD.

The Geopolitics of The Natuna Sea and Indonesia's Defense Challenges

Amin Lestari — 2025-11-20

The Natuna Sea is a strategic area of Indonesia that borders directly on the South China Sea, making it an important point in regional geopolitics. This research aims to analyze the geopolitical dynamics of the Natuna Sea, national defense challenges, and maritime threat mitigation strategies. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with document studies, secondary data, and interviews with defense experts. The results of the study show an increase in foreign ship activity, piracy, and the potential for cross-border conflicts that threaten sovereignty. These findings underscore the need for defense capacity building, technological integration, and proactive maritime diplomacy. This research provides policy recommendations to strengthen the sovereignty and security of the Natuna Sea.

Framing Terror of the Press: Pan & Kosicki's Model Analysis in TEMPO's Reporting on the Delivery of Pig Heads to the Tempo Office

Eni Widyaningsih — 2025-11-21

The incident of sending a pig's head to the Tempo editorial office in March 2025 became a form of terror that marked press freedom in Indonesia. This study analyzes how Tempo frames the event using Pan & Kosicki's framing analysis model. The research method uses a qualitative approach with discourse analysis techniques on Tempo's headlines related to the event. The results of the study show that Tempo builds a narrative with an emphasis on Tempo's victimization, neutrality in the presentation of information, and strengthening democratic values through professional and measurable language. The framing used tends to support the position of journalists as victims and rejects all forms of intimidation against freedom of expression, where freedom of expression and opinion is enshrined in Law Number 40 of 1999 guarantees press freedom in articles 4, 5, 6 and 18 as human rights of citizens. Press freedom has norms or principles that measure the extent to which a country or community gives freedom to the media or press to carry out its role independently without unauthorized interference or intimidation or even threats of violence from interested parties. (President, 1999). Maintaining the media is the same as protecting the foundations of Indonesian democracy. (Suryaningsi et al., 2025).

Cyber and Maritime Drone Threats: The Future of National Maritime Security

Endro Legowo — 2025-11-20

This study analyzes cyber threats and the use of marine drones in the context of national maritime security. As illegal activities and potential conflicts increase in Indonesian waters, drone technology and cyber defense systems are becoming important instruments to improve surveillance, early detection, and rapid response. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on the analysis of documents, literature, and official secondary data. The results show that the integration of marine drones and cyber defense increases patrol effectiveness by up to 40% and reduces the risk of territorial violations and piracy. This research emphasizes the need for a holistic strategy to deal with future maritime challenges.

Urgency of Marine Resources Supervision Regulation by North Sulawesi Regional Government to Realize Sustainable and Fair Management

Rahmatia Rahmatia — 2025-11-21

This study examines the urgency and formulation of marine resource supervision regulations by the Regional Government of North Sulawesi Province in realizing sustainable and equitable management. The research method used is normative juridical with an analytical descriptive approach based on the study of laws and regulations, official documents, and related literature. The results of the study emphasized the need for regulations that integrate the principles of environmental sustainability, the principles of distributive and participatory justice, as well as adaptive and technology-based supervisory mechanisms. Ideal regulations must also provide clear and flexible authority to local governments by synchronizing policies with the central government level to avoid overlapping authority. Increasing institutional capacity and the active role of coastal communities are the key to effective supervision. This research provides recommendations for regulatory formulation that harmonizes legal, social, and ecological aspects in order to achieve fair and sustainable management of marine resources in North Sulawesi.

South China Sea Conflict and Indonesia's Strategy Toward Indonesia Emas 2045

Abdul Rivai Ras — 2025-11-21

The South China Sea (SCS) is a strategically vital maritime area, rich in resources and international trade routes, yet prone to territorial disputes. Although Indonesia does not claim the SCS, it faces challenges regarding the Natuna Sea Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) due to unilateral claims by China. This study analyzes the dynamics of the SCS conflict and Indonesia’s strategies toward achieving Indonesia Emas 2045 through strengthened maritime security, diplomacy, and resource management. A qualitative descriptive method with document and statistical data analysis is applied. Findings indicate that maritime surveillance, defense modernization, and multilateral cooperation are essential to safeguarding sovereignty and enhancing Indonesia’s regional position.

Bankruptcy of PT Nyonya Meneer in Bankruptcy Law Perspective: Facing Challenges of Cultural Heritage Business Protection

Zaenuri Zaenuri — 2025-11-21

This study aims to analyze the implications of PT Nyonya Meneer's bankruptcy on the protection of cultural heritage and the sustainability of the national herbal medicine industry. This study uses a normative juridical approach by examining the relationship between bankruptcy law, cultural law, and intellectual property law. The results of the study show that the application of bankruptcy law is still economically oriented and has not considered cultural values in the asset settlement process. As a result, the bankruptcy of PT Nyonya Meneer not only caused economic losses, but also led to the loss of traditional knowledge and cultural identity. This study found that there is a normative gap between Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) and Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 2017 concerning Cultural Advancement, so that a culturally insightful reformulation of bankruptcy law is needed. The reformulation is directed to integrate economic, social, and cultural aspects so that bankruptcy law can function as an instrument to protect national heritage while supporting sustainable economic development.

Strengthening Child Marriage Prevention Policy Strategies in the Implementation of Development Planning

Indah Erniawati — 2025-11-20

Child marriage is a form of child abuse with multifaceted impacts. The child marriage rate was included as a development target in the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) and was achieved in 2024. This target is supported by various cross-sectoral efforts at both the national and regional levels. However, challenges remain, such as unregistered child marriages, teenage births, and a suboptimal referral system for child victims and integrated data. In the next planning document, the 2025-2029 RPJMN, the child marriage rate remains a priority indicator, necessitating a re-sharpening of the strategy to ensure that efforts are not only quantitative but also qualitative, ensuring that every child's rights are met. This policy brief is designed to provide recommendations for alternative policies to strengthen child marriage prevention efforts through a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis to illustrate achievements and identify challenges, systematic analysis to generate policy alternatives, and assessment of priority policy alternatives using five decision-making and public policy criteria. The evaluation results indicate strengthening norms in various regulations, a clear role structure between stakeholders, and collaborative processes at both the national and regional levels. To address future challenges, a transformation is needed by expanding the scope of policy from prevention to prevention and management of child marriage. Four alternative strategies were identified: strengthening asymmetric policies tailored to regional characteristics, enhancing reproductive health education to increase adolescent resilience and raise awareness in the immediate environment, strengthening referral services for victims of child marriage, and improving the integrated data system.

Qur’anic Economic Character Education: Integrating Islamic Values And Modern Educational Philosophy In Secondary Schools

Zulkifli Sumantri — 2025-11-22

This study aims to develop a Qurani-based economic character education model through daily charity activities in senior high schools, integrating Islamic values with modern educational theories. The conceptual foundation draws from Surah Al-Baqarah (verses 261–269) and three authentic hadiths of Al-Bukhari (No. 6465, 2989, and 2442) that emphasize sincerity, consistency in good deeds, and social benefit, combined with modern educational theories. This research applies a qualitative conceptual literature study using Creswell and Miles & Huberman frameworks through stages of data reduction, display, and thematic conclusion. The findings reveal that daily charity functions as an effective medium for character formation through moral habituation, social interaction, and spiritual reflection. Key values such as sincerity, financial responsibility, empathy, and moderation in consumption are systematically developed, supporting SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). The novelty of this study lies in its integration of Qurani ethics and Western educational philosophy (Aristotle, Dewey, Maslow, and Vygotsky) into a contextual and applicable framework for strengthening economic character education in Indonesian secondary schools.

Disinformation as Influencer Marketing Instrument on Social Media

Mochammad Naufal — 2025-11-22

This research examines how disinformation is used as a marketing tool by influencers on social media. The study employed a qualitative approach with a desk study method, analyzing academic literature, regulatory reports, and viral online news. The results show that disinformation comes in various forms, including exaggerated claims, false testimonials, visual manipulation, and the promotion of illegal investments. These practices have proven effective in attracting audience attention and encouraging interaction, but they cause long-term harm in the form of lost consumer trust, damaged brand reputation, and potential lawsuits. Case studies from 2022–2024 demonstrate the increasing involvement of influencers in investment fraud, illegal sales, and smear campaigns against competing brands. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of regulation, digital literacy, and ethical integrity among industry players to maintain the sustainability of digital marketing.

Acupuncture Care for Lumbar Pain Case Due to Lumbosacral Instability at Griya Sehat BSA Holistik Pontianak

Seneng Sutiyoso — 2025-11-14

Supervisor II, dr. Leny Candra, A. Md. Akp., MM Lumbar pain due to Lumbosacral Instability is one of the musculoskeletal complaints that is often found. Acupuncture as a complementary therapy has been used to reduce pain in cases of low back pain. This study is to determine the benefits of Acupuncture Care for Clients with Low Back Pain Due to Lumbosacral Instability at Griya Sehat BSA Holistik Pontianak comprehensively. The subject of the study was a 43-year-old male client who experienced lumbar pain and underwent acupuncture therapy at Griya Sehat BSA Holistik Pontianak. The research design uses a qualitative approach of the case study type. In-depth data collection is carried out using instruments in the form of Client Data Sheets. The data was processed based on Observation (Wang), Hearing and Smell (Wen), Interview (Wen), and Touch (Qie), hence the diagnosis of client syndrome Cold Moist Pathogen Attacking the Taiyang Meridians of the Bladder Leg. The intervention was carried out by needle insertion at acupuncture points according to the syndrome from the results of diangnose six meetings with an interval of three days. The results showed a significant decrease in the level of lumbar pain in clients after receiving acupuncture care. Pain complaints disappear, movement reflexes increase. In order for clients to stay healthy, it is recommended to avoid lifting heavy objects, exercise regularly, air conditioning or fans do not be directed at the body directly, drink enough water, and sunbathe every morning.

Comparison of Depression Rates Between Students Living with Parents and Living Alone in Unpri Medical Students Class of 2022

Bulan Ramadhani Nst — 2025-11-20

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders among university students, especially medical students who face high academic demands and psychological pressure throughout their education. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021), more than 264 million people worldwide experience depression, with a rising trend among young adults, including students. Living arrangements are believed to influence depression levels, as students living independently tend to have lower emotional and social support compared to those living with their parents. This difference in social environment may affect the mental well-being of medical students. This study aimed to compare the depression levels between medical students living with their parents and those living independently at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia (UNPRI), class of 2022. This research used a descriptive comparative design with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 67 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire and analyzed with the Independent Sample T-Test at a 0.05 significance level. The findings showed a significant difference in depression levels between students living with their parents and those living independently (p = 0.003). Students living with their parents had lower depression scores compared to those living independently. There is a significant difference in depression levels between medical students living with their parents and those living independently. Family social support plays an important protective role in reducing the risk of depression among medical students.

Herpes Zoster Ophtalmicus : A case report

Puput Sagita Meysandra — 2025-11-22

Herpes zoster is infectious disease caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus. Herpes zoster oftalmicus (HZO) will presented moderate to severe eye problem and visual loss. HZO resulting trigeminal nerve-related effect such unilateral rash and Hutchinson’s sign. We presented a case of herpes zoster oftalmicus to describe its clinical features and treatment. A 59 years old patient initially reported blurry vision, headache, eye discomfort and multiple lesion on right side face. At the first visit the visual acuity 5/30 on right eye and 5/12 on left eye. The patient was diagnosed herpes zoster oftalmicus gived antiviral treatment, articial tears and steroid topical eye drops. After 8 weeks treatment, the best corrected visual acuity was 5/12. Herpes zoster oftalmicus clinical features in older age patient as unilateral dermatome rash of trigeminal nerve. Treatment approaches widely for reduce risk of complication.