Journal Title Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains DOI prefix 10.36418 by Crossref Frequency Monthly ISSN Online 2723-6692 Editor in Chief Ikhsan Nendi Publisher Publikasi Indonesia Indexing SINTA, Garuda - Google Scholar - Indonesia OneSearch Citation Analysis Google Scholar Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social science fields. The journal is published monthly by CV. Publikasi Indonesia. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains provides a means for ongoing discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scope of the journal that can be examined empirically. This journal publishes research articles covering social sciences, ranging from Management, Economics, Culture, Law, Comunication, Healthy, Geography, Education and Technology, that belong to the social context. Journal has become a member of Crossref (Prefix: 10.36418) with E-ISSN 2723-6692 and P-ISSN 2723-6595 <p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 25px; margin: 20px 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains is indexed and abstracted in the following databases: International Index: - Dimension - Scilit - Harvard Library - BASE - WorldCat National Index: - Garuda - Google Scholar - Indonesia OneSearch
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The Effect of Project Management Functions Related to Cost, Quality, and Time on the Success of Road Condition Survey Projects Case Study: Survey of Road and Bridge Conditions By the North Sulawesi Regional Public Works Office
This study examines the influence of project management functions on the success of road and bridge condition survey work at the National Road Implementation Agency (BPJN) of North Sulawesi. The research focuses on four management functions—planning, organizing, implementation, and control—measured through cost, quality, and time indicators. A quantitative approach was applied using questionnaire data collected from consultants involved in the BPJN North Sulawesi Road and Bridge Condition Survey project. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that all four management functions have a positive and significant effect on survey work success. The implementation function shows the strongest influence, followed by control, organizing, and planning functions. The R-square value of 0.682 indicates that 68.2% of the variation in survey work success can be explained by the four management functions, while the remaining 31.8% is influenced by other factors outside the model. The Q-square value of 0.439 confirms that the model has good predictive relevance. These findings highlight the importance of effective implementation, cost monitoring, quality control, time efficiency, and adaptive field management in improving the success of road condition survey projects. Therefore, strengthening project management practices is essential to ensure accurate, accountable, timely, and budget-efficient survey outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Michelle Angelita Monica Karundeng, Steenie E. Wallah, Ariestides K. T. Dundu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Al-Ghazali’s Perspective on the Innate Nature of Teachers to Improve the Quality of Islamic Education
This study is motivated by the tendency of contemporary Islamic education systems to emphasize cognitive and administrative aspects while neglecting spiritual and moral dimensions, thereby reducing the role of teachers to mere knowledge transmitters. This research aims to examine the concept of teacher’s fitrah from the perspective of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and its relevance in improving the quality of Islamic education. The study employs a qualitative approach using library research, with primary data derived from Al-Ghazali’s works and secondary data from relevant academic literature. Data analysis is conducted through content analysis and a hermeneutic approach to interpret the meaning of texts comprehensively. The research gap lies in the limited number of studies that position teachers as subjects possessing their own fitrah that requires continuous development, rather than focusing solely on students. The findings reveal that teacher’s fitrah encompasses spiritual, moral, and intellectual potentials that must be actualized through self-purification (tazkiyat al-nafs), exemplary conduct, and holistic competence development. The implementation of this concept leads to a paradigm shift in education, strengthens teacher character, and enhances the quality of learning interactions. Teacher’s fitrah becomes a fundamental element in constructing an integrative, value-oriented, and sustainable Islamic education system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Misbakul Munir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efficacy and Safety of Lenacapavir for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep): A Systematic Review
Lenacapavir, an antiretroviral agent, is a candidate for HIV prophylaxis, distinguished by its long-acting formulation, which facilitates biannual administration for preventive care. The objective of this investigation is to assess the efficacy and safety profile of Lenacapavir, drawing upon the findings of extant research. This scoping review analyzed articles published between march 2016 and march 2026 from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and OpenAlex. The inclusion criteria comprised English-language cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies examining the association between NAFLD and the risk of CKD. Fifteen articles were selected following a rigorous screening process. Lenacapavir is a highly effective HIV preventive drug that can reduce the risk of HIV transmission among various populations, including pregnant women, homosexual and heterosexual individuals, and others. The reported side effects are generally mild and not severe. Lenacapavir signifies a significant advancement in the realm of HIV prevention, especially for individuals at elevated risk who encounter challenges with consistent daily medication adherence. The effective global deployment of this intervention hinges on several critical factors: guaranteeing equitable accessibility, ensuring affordability within low- and middle-income nations, and upholding rigorous HIV testing protocols to mitigate the potential for viral resistance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putu Ngurah Pradnya Wibawa, Ni Putu Lia Juliantini, Ni Luh Putu Serly Ekayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in A 14-Year-Old
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder accounting for approximately 2-3% of leukemias in children and adolescents, with an annual incidence of 1 in 1,000,000 individuals (approximately 10% of all CML cases). The median age of onset in children is 11-12 years. CML is caused by a reciprocal translocation of genes on chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in the formation of the Breakpoint Cluster Region (BCR) gene on chromosome 22 with the Abelson leukemia virus (ABL) gene. The BCR-ABL protein has constitutive tyrosine kinase activity, leading to the activation of intracellular signal transduction pathways such as STAT, RAS, JUN, MYC, and Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. This case report concerns a 14-year-old girl with CML, a rare hematologic malignancy in children. The patient presented with abdominal enlargement and hardening for 2 months, abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting. Physical examination revealed splenomegaly (Schuffner 4). Laboratory tests revealed anemia (hemoglobin 7.3 g/dL) and leukocytosis (291,890 WBCs/mm³). Peripheral blood smear showed myeloid blasts and all stages of granulocyte maturation with basophilia and eosinophilia. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase with an M/E ratio of 25.5. BCR-ABL molecular testing revealed positive fusion of B2A2 and B3A2. This case highlights the aggressive presentation of pediatric CML characterized by massive splenomegaly and extreme leukocytosis, which differs from adult CML. Early recognition and timely diagnosis are essential to prevent disease progression and life-threatening complications such as leukostasis, bleeding, and splenic rupture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Catherine Halim, Leonardo Trisnarizki, Sisca Sisca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design and Development of a Web-Based Tourism Information System for Tolikara Regency Using Codeigniter 4
Trikala is an area with natural and cultural attractions such as waterfalls, agriculture and mountains. Many tourists want to visit these places but are limited by the difficulty of getting clear information such as good places and accommodation. The purpose of this research is to design a tourism system that uses a website to provide visitors, 360-degree panoramas, maps, and detailed descriptions of tourist attractions in Trikala to visitors and future visitors. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and literature reviews. The method used to design this system is the waterfall method. The system testing method is black box testing. The results of the study concluded that using the Trikara Regional Tourism Information System based on the designed location can help users stay informed about the sights and attractions of Trikara district, as well as visit carefully planned places without fear or disappointment. The study concludes that the web-based tourism information system for Tolikara Regency can effectively help users access accurate and up-to-date information about tourist destinations, enabling them to plan their visits carefully without fear or disappointment. Furthermore, the system contributes to promoting local tourism potential and supporting economic development in the region.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moses Kogoya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Acupuncture Treatment for Post-Stroke Aphasia at Harvest City Therapy Center in Bogor
Aphasia is a communication disorder that often occurs in post-stroke patients due to damage to the language centers in the brain. This condition can impair the ability to speak, understand language, and interact with the environment. Therefore, therapy is needed to help restore communication function, one of which is acupuncture. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy in improving communication skills in elderly post-stroke aphasic patients. The method used was a case study, with several sessions of acupuncture therapy administered. Assessment was conducted through observation of the patients' communication skills, including verbal expression, language comprehension, responses, and social interaction. The study results showed improvements in communication skills after acupuncture therapy. Patients demonstrated improvements in expressing simple words, understanding instructions, and responding better. Social interactions also improved, indicated by more active engagement in communication. The conclusion of this study shows that acupuncture therapy has the potential as a complementary therapy in supporting the recovery of communication function in elderly aphasia patients after stroke.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lai Monica Pei Su, Chantika Maadini, Amal Prihatono, Puspo Wardoyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Multi-Agency Approach to Combating Transnational Crime and Money Laundering
The rapid development of globalization, digital technology, and international financial systems has significantly increased the complexity of transnational crimes, particularly money laundering and human trafficking. Advances in fintech, cryptocurrencies, and cross-border digital transactions have enabled criminal organizations to conceal illicit financial flows more effectively, creating substantial challenges for traditional law enforcement systems. This study aims to analyze the urgency and effectiveness of a multi-agency approach in combating transnational crime and money laundering in Indonesia. The research employed a qualitative descriptive-analytical method through a literature study approach, utilizing primary and secondary data derived from regulations, official reports, academic journals, policy documents, and international publications related to anti-money laundering systems and transnational crime prevention. The findings reveal that conventional and sectoral law enforcement approaches are no longer sufficient to address modern transnational crimes due to fragmented institutional coordination, limited data integration, and technological disparities among agencies. The study demonstrates that collaboration among financial intelligence agencies, law enforcement institutions, financial authorities, international organizations, and private sector actors is essential in establishing an integrated and adaptive monitoring system. Furthermore, the involvement of financial institutions and digital service providers plays a strategic role in detecting suspicious transactions and preventing illegal financial flows. In conclusion, the multi-agency approach represents a crucial strategy for strengthening Indonesia’s anti-money laundering framework and enhancing national resilience against increasingly sophisticated transnational crimes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ferry Yuli Mulyani, Yusuf M. Said, Magister Hukum STIH IBLAM https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of A School Website Using The Laravel Framework as A Platform for Information and Promotion
The development of information technology in the digital era requires educational institutions to adapt in the dissemination of information and promotion. PKBM Tunas Harapan Jaya currently still relies on conventional media such as brochures and banners that have limited reach and relatively high costs. This causes the dissemination of information to the wider community and prospective students to be less effective and efficient. This study aims to design and build a school website based on the Laravel framework as a digital information and promotion medium for PKBM Tunas Harapan Jaya. The research method used was Research and Development with a Prototype system development model. The development stages include needs analysis, system design, database design using MySQL, interface implementation, and system testing. The result of this study is a web-based information system that presents the school profile, educational programs, activity galleries, the latest news, and registration information. This website is designed to be easily managed by the school and easily accessible to the general public. With this website, it is hoped that the promotional reach of PKBM Tunas Harapan Jaya will be wider, information delivery will be more real-time, and the institution's credibility image in the eyes of the public.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ferri Satya Nugraha, Bagus Sudirman, Ahmad Ashifuddin Aqham https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Marketing Skills Search Trends as Human Resource Competency Needs Indicator in Digital Economy Era
The rapid expansion of the digital economy in Indonesia has fundamentally transformed the labor market landscape, particularly in the marketing sector. This research aims to analyze search trends for digital marketing skills using Google Trends data from 2021 to 2026 and correlate these trends with human resource competency needs in the digital era. A quantitative descriptive approach with time series analysis was employed, tracking relative search volumes for eight digital marketing skill keywords: social media marketing, SEO, content marketing, digital marketing strategy, Google Analytics, data analytics marketing, PPC, and email marketing. The findings reveal that social media marketing dominates search trends with an average score of 89.4 out of 100, followed by SEO (76.2) and content marketing (71.8). More significantly, data analytics marketing demonstrated the most substantial cumulative growth of 171.1% over the five-year period. Correlation analysis using Pearson and Spearman methods confirmed a strong positive relationship between search volume and actual job market demand (r = 0.894, p < 0.001). Monthly job posting data were collected from Jobstreet Indonesia and LinkedIn Economic Graph reports through secondary dataset aggregation between 2021–2026. The data were standardized into comparable monthly indices before cross-correlation analysis, establishing Google Trends as a valid leading indicator for workforce competency forecasting. These findings indicate that Indonesia's labor market is undergoing a fundamental shift from traditional marketing competencies toward integrated, data-driven digital skills. The study provides practical implications for curriculum developers, HR practitioners, and policymakers in formulating responsive workforce development strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Neeltje Martina Walukow https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Digital Content to Corporate Brand Legitimacy: Transmedia Storytelling and Corporate Identity Mix in Grindboys
The rapid expansion of digital media has reshaped corporate communication, enabling non-traditional actors to evolve into organizational entities with recognizable identities and legitimacy claims. This article examines the transformation of Grindboys from a digital content creator collective into a community-based corporate brand within Indonesia’s contemporary creative industry, focusing on how transmedia storytelling and the corporate identity mix function as strategies for constructing collective identity and brand legitimacy. Grindboys develops narratives centered on friendship, everyday experiences, and shared cultural values across digital platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok, which are extended into physical spaces (Warkopolim) and commercial expressions through merchandise. The findings indicate that Grindboys develops narratives centered on friendship, everyday experiences, and shared cultural values across digital platforms, which are extended into physical spaces and commercial expressions through merchandise. The integration of cross-media narratives with the symbolic, communicative, and behavioral dimensions of corporate identity produces a coherent and immersive brand experience, positioning audiences as active stakeholders in meaning-making and contributing to the sustainability of brand legitimacy. This study concludes that brand legitimacy can be formed discursively through repetitive, consistent, and distributed communication practices across media, rather than through formal institutional claims. The theoretical contribution lies in integrating transmedia storytelling and corporate identity mix frameworks in the context of community-based creative entities, while the practical contribution offers strategic guidance for creative industry practitioners in designing narrative-consistent, cross-media communication strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ega Rizky, Yusuf Bagas Bilowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Legal Protection of Patient Personal Data in Telemedicine Practice: Aligning the Health Law and the Personal Data Protection Law
Digital transformation in Indonesia's health sector has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine services as an alternative to remote medical services. Although these services provide efficiency and expand healthcare access for the broader community, the practice of telemedicine raises serious juridical challenges, particularly regarding the protection of highly sensitive patient personal data. This research aims to analyze the juridical aspects of patient personal data protection in telemedicine services and examine the urgency of synchronizing the Health Law and the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law). Using a normative juridical legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the findings indicate that a legal framework is available in Indonesia through Law No. 17 of 2023, Law No. 27 of 2022 (PDP Law), and Minister of Health Regulation No. 20 of 2019. However, there are regulatory inconsistencies, a void of technical norms, as well as weak infrastructure and human resource awareness that make patient data vulnerable to leaks. The synchronization of regulations and the adoption of international standards such as GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) and HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) are urgently needed to create legal certainty, guarantee medical data confidentiality, and provide maximum protection for patients and healthcare workers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Arya Mahottama, I Gde Sastra Winata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Legal Analysis of Additional Fees on Payments Made Using QRIS in Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the implementation of QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) in Indonesia, focusing on the challenges faced in creating a fair and transparent payment system, and finding solutions to overcome these problems. This study also aims to explore merchant responsibilities and consumer protection in the use of QRIS, as well as the importance of consistent supervision and law enforcement. The research method used is descriptive-qualitative, with a literature study approach to examine various regulations related to QRIS, articles, and previous research on digital payment systems. This study identified several key challenges, such as lack of digital literacy, information asymmetry, and inconsistent supervision by authorities. In addition, this study also found that the disparity in digitalization between regions is an obstacle to the fair implementation of QRIS. The results show that to create a fair implementation of QRIS, it is necessary to increase education and outreach to merchants and consumers, strengthen supervision by Bank Indonesia, and utilize technology to accelerate law enforcement. With these steps, it is hoped that QRIS can be implemented more fairly and transparently, supporting financial inclusion in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulana Ilham, Damayanti Samti Basar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Malaria Caused by Plasmodium Vivax: A Case Report with Thrombocytopenia
Malaria is an infectious disease that can be life-threatening and remains a major public health problem to this day. One contributing factor is the high number of imported malaria cases, which has led to the emergence of new cases in areas classified as low-endemic and even in malaria elimination settings. This case report aims to describe an imported malaria case accompanied by thrombocytopenia in a low-endemic area. Case Report: A 38-year-old male presented with complaints of high fever that had subsided one week prior to hospital admission. The patient had previously lived for one month in Papua and had returned to East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) one week before presentation. Laboratory examinations revealed thrombocytopenia and Plasmodium vivax infection. The patient received treatment for four days, consisting of dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine for three days and primaquine. On the fourth day of treatment, the patient reported no complaints, platelet counts improved, and microscopic blood examination showed no presence of Plasmodium vivax. The patient was discharged and advised to continue primaquine therapy at home and to attend follow-up visits at the internal medicine clinic. This case highlights the importance of strengthening epidemiological investigation programs using the 1-2-5 strategy, particularly in low-endemic and malaria-elimination areas. It also emphasizes that malaria should not be excluded from the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with fever and thrombocytopenia, especially in individuals with a history of travel to endemic regions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Roy Boris, Asep Purnama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Zero Trust Architecture in Law Enforcement Mobile Governance: A Systematic Literature Review
The expansion of mobile government has changed the operational environment of law enforcement agencies. Officers increasingly access case records, location-based applications, biometric systems, cloud repositories, and digital evidence workflows through mobile and distributed endpoints. These conditions challenge perimeter-based security and raise questions about how Zero Trust Architecture can support secure, accountable, and rights-sensitive mobile governance. This study reviews recent literature to synthesize how Zero Trust Architecture can be positioned within law enforcement mobile governance. A systematic literature review was conducted using a PRISMA-based protocol. The search used Scopus as the primary database and applied English-language, open-access, article, and 2020–2026 filters. From 96 initial records, duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and full-text eligibility assessment produced 40 included articles. The synthesis shows that the literature is dominated by Zero Trust Architecture migration, dynamic access control, authentication, Internet of Things, edge, and 6G security, while studies directly linking Zero Trust Architecture to police mobile governance remain scarce. Four cross-cutting themes were identified: continuous identity and device verification, context- and risk-aware policy enforcement, evidence and data governance, and organizational readiness. The article proposes a governance-oriented Zero Trust Architecture framework for law enforcement mobile systems that connects technical controls with legal accountability, auditability, and public trust. The review concludes that Zero Trust Architecture should be treated not only as a cybersecurity architecture but also as a policy instrument for strengthening secure mobile public service delivery.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iwan Juniar Simanjutak, Dana Indra Sensuse https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Challenges and Solutions in Writing Legal Academic Papers in the Digital Age: A Perspective on Research Methodology and Sustainable Publication Practices
The development of digital technology has changed the paradigm of writing and publishing legal scientific papers, including in data access, analysis techniques, and dissemination of research results. However, this transformation also raises various problems such as unclear legal research methodologies, low academic digital literacy, and an increased risk of scientific ethics violations such as plagiarism and misuse of artificial intelligence-based technology. This study uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach with normative legal research methods. Data was obtained through literature studies of scientific literature, academic journals, and related regulations, and supported by a conceptual approach to analyze the dynamics of legal research methodology and scientific publication practices in the digital era. The results of the study show that the main challenges include the lack of standardization of legal research methodologies, the limited ability of academics to utilize digital technology, and publication pressure that has an impact on the quality of scientific papers. In addition, the emergence of artificial intelligence technology poses new challenges in maintaining academic integrity. The proposed solutions include strengthening methodological capacity, integrating digital literacy in legal education, implementing technology-based academic ethics, and developing a transparent and sustainable scientific publication system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ruhunussa, Naek Efendi, Tugimin Harjotaruno, Supendi Supendi, Asep Mulyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Characteristics of Patients with Depression Among Pregnant Women and Postnatal Mothers at Community Health Centers in the Depok City Service Area in 2025
Postpartum depression affects more than 1 in every 10 women within one year of giving birth. Other mental health symptoms that can occur during or after pregnancy include anxiety, panic attacks, and psychosis. This study aims to assess the characteristics of depressed patients in pregnant women and postpartum mothers at the Depok City Work Area Puskesmas by 2025. This study is a quantitative research using an analytical descriptive research design with the aim of describing the characteristics of depressive patients in pregnant women and postpartum mothers at the Depok City Regional Health Center totaling 1,368 people. Furthermore, data analysis using univariate analysis with a statistical test, namely the chi square test to determine the existence of a relationship between the data taken and the risk of depression. The results of the Chi-Square test showed a value of p = 0.016 (p < 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between age and the incidence of depression in the respondents. The results of the Chi-Square test showed a value of p = 0.026 (p < 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between education level and the incidence of depression in the respondents. There is a significant relationship between maternal age and education level and the incidence of depression in pregnant women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sonya Oksilia, Evani Purba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meal Program Draws Positive Attention at UN Headquarters in Geneva
Child nutrition fulfillment programs are an important issue in global development, especially in developing countries that are still facing the problem of inequality of access to nutritious food. One of the approaches that is widely applied is the school feeding program as an effort to improve children's health, welfare, and educational quality. Indonesia implements this policy through the Free Nutritious Eating Program (MBG) which also received positive attention in international forums at the United Nations (UN) headquarters in Geneva. This research aims to analyze the school feeding program policy through the MBG Program and examine the social and cultural implications it causes. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through documentation studies, indirect observations of seminar materials, and literature studies from relevant scientific sources. Data analysis is carried out through data reduction, descriptive presentation, and systematic conclusion drawing by triangulating sources. The results of the study show that the MBG Program has a strategic role in improving children's nutritional status, supporting the learning process, and becoming a long-term investment in human resource development. In addition, this program also contributes to strengthening the national food system through the use of local food and has implications for the formation of community consumption culture. However, the implementation of the program still faces challenges in distribution, nutrition quality monitoring, and coordination between institutions. Thus, the MBG Program embodies health, education, food policy, and cultural identity in Indonesia and Southeast Asia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Verly Montolalu Joshua https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Risk Management in Loan Programming of Public Works Infrastructure Construction (Lesson Learned of Indonesia Tourism Development Project)
Loan programs serve as an alternative funding source for public infrastructure development in Indonesia, yet they often face significant delays due to complex organizational structures, readiness criteria, procurement procedures, and technical challenges. This study aims to formulate risk management recommendations for loan-funded public works infrastructure projects by drawing lessons from the Indonesia Tourism Development Project (ITDP), implemented from 2018–2024. The research adopts a qualitative case study approach using the Last Planner System (LPS) framework, which includes Master Schedule, Phase Planning, Modified Lookahead Planning, and Weekly Work Planning. Data were collected from CPMU, PMU, and PIU progress reports, operational manuals, audit records, and lender evaluation documents. The findings reveal that combining planning and construction within the same loan period is a primary source of delay, as the formulation of the Integrated Tourism Master Plan consumed nearly half of the project timeline. Other critical issues include land availability, procurement document mismatches, technical adjustments during construction, and institutional gaps in asset handover to local governments. The study concludes that loan programs should separate planning from construction phases, prioritize subprojects based on societal impact, ensure readiness criteria are fulfilled before commencement, and establish early stakeholder collaboration. These LPS-based recommendations provide a structured approach for future loan managers to anticipate and mitigate implementation delays.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aryawidia Pariantho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Design of Mobile Web-Based Learning Media
The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed educational practices, demanding innovative and accessible learning solutions, particularly in vocational maritime education. This study aims to design, validate, and evaluate the effectiveness of mobile web-based learning media for Maritime English subjects at Barombong Shipping Polytechnic. The development followed the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate), utilizing Glide Apps as the primary platform and Google Sheets as the backend database. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 28 cadets and 8 lecturers, measuring aspects of effectiveness, practicality, validity, and learning motivation using a 4-point Likert scale. The results showed that the learning media achieved an overall effectiveness score of 89.5% from cadets, with an average score of 3.58 out of 4.0, categorized as very effective. Lecturers' validity assessments indicated that the media met validity criteria, particularly in cross-platform compatibility, which scored the highest at 4.0. Practicality evaluations revealed that 8 out of 10 indicators fell into the highly valid category, especially in ease of access, navigation, and user satisfaction. The study concludes that the mobile web-based learning media is valid, practical, and effective in supporting English learning. However, aspects such as learning independence, focus, and speaking skill encouragement require further improvement. A blended learning approach combining digital media with direct teacher interaction is recommended to optimize learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rony Kusmaladi, Ahmad Fauzi, Muhammad Saleh, Nurul Ahyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perceptions of English Songs for Listening Comprehension
One of the important skills that must be obtained in English language learning is listening comprehension. However, many students experience difficulties in understanding spoken English. This study investigates students' perceptions toward the use of English songs in improving listening comprehension. This study investigates EFL students’ perceptions of the use of English songs in improving listening comprehension. Employing a quantitative descriptive design, the study involved 32 English Department students who had completed a Survival Listening/Speaking course at a private university in Indonesia. Data were collected through a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 25 items distributed across five indicators: motivation, vocabulary development, pronunciation awareness, listening comprehension, and learning interest. The questionnaire used a five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree and was administered online. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and mean scores. The findings reveal that students held positive perceptions toward the use of English songs in listening activities, particularly in terms of increasing motivation and enhancing vocabulary acquisition. English songs were also perceived as helpful in improving pronunciation awareness and overall listening comprehension, while creating a more enjoyable and less stressful learning atmosphere. These results suggest that integrating English songs into listening instruction can be an effective pedagogical strategy for EFL classrooms. The study provides practical implications for English teachers in designing engaging listening activities and recommends further research using experimental designs to examine the effectiveness of English songs on listening achievement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Salsabila Insani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Innovative Model for Edutainment-Based Tourism Development (Education and Entertainment) at the Puri Agung Pemecutan Cultural Heritage Site in Denpasar, Bali
Puri Agung Pemecutan Denpasar is one of the important cultural heritage sites in Denpasar City that possesses significant historical and cultural values. This study aims to identify the current tourism model implemented at the cultural heritage site of Puri Agung Pemecutan Denpasar, analyze the positive and negative impacts of the existing tourism development, and formulate an innovative edutainment-based (education and entertainment) tourism development model. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, documentation, and questionnaires distributed to 30 respondents consisting of site managers, local community members, and visitors. The results indicate that the current tourism model at Puri Agung Pemecutan is still conventional and passive, mainly consisting of site visits, observation of traditional palace architecture, and oral historical explanations delivered by guides. Although this model provides positive impacts such as increasing visitors’ awareness and understanding of the historical and cultural values of the palace and creating opportunities for local community involvement, it still has limitations in terms of interpretation systems and innovative presentation of cultural education. Therefore, this study proposes an innovation of an edutainment-based tourism model through 6 activities called “SAD PESONA”, there are historical and cultural exhibitions, educational cultural performances, interactive historical storytelling, the digital interpretation media observation, historical and cultural documentary narrative, and participatory cultural workshops activation.
I Gusti Ngurah Agung Nugraha Satria Wibawa
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gusti Ngurah Agung Nugraha Satria Wibawa, Agus Made Yoga Iswara, Denok Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Gap Between Islamic Inheritance Law and Community Practice: A Legal Sociological Analysis of Inheritance Distribution in Indonesian Society
Islamic inheritance law has a strong normative foundation and regulates inheritance distribution in detail to achieve justice and legal certainty. However, in Indonesian social practice, its implementation often deviates from normative provisions due to legal system plurality and socio-cultural factors. This research aims to analyze the gap between Islamic inheritance law norms (das sollen) and inheritance distribution practices in society (das sein), as well as identify the influencing factors. The research employs an empirical juridical approach with data collection techniques through interviews with community members and religious leaders in Bukik Sikumpa, Lareh Sago Halaban District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra. The results of the study show that the practice of inheritance distribution tends to be based on family deliberation, local customs, and consideration of the economic condition of the heirs, so that they do not fully follow the provisions of faraidh. The construction of the thought of community leaders also shows that Islamic inheritance law serves more as a normative reference than a binding primary guideline. From a legal sociology perspective, this phenomenon is influenced by the dominance of legal culture, the applicability of customary law as living law, and the low internalization of Islamic inheritance law in society. Social harmonization and conflict avoidance further reinforce the tendency to deviate from legal norms. Therefore, the effectiveness of Islamic inheritance law depends on the alignment between legal norms and living social values. This research emphasizes the need for an integrative approach between Islamic law and social reality to achieve inheritance law harmonization in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmad Hidayad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of Political Communication in the Digital Age: Challenges and Opportunities
The rapid development of digital technology has brought profound changes in various aspects of life, including in political communication. In the digital age, digital platforms and social media play an increasingly important role in shaping public opinion, spreading political messages, and strengthening the relationship between politicians and voters. This article aims to examine the dynamics of political communication in the digital age, by highlighting the various challenges and opportunities that arise along with the adoption of new technologies in the political space. Through a qualitative approach, this study analyzes various case studies related to the use of social media in political campaigns, its influence on the democratic process, and its impact on social polarization and disinformation. The findings of the study show that while digital technology accelerates the dissemination of political information and allows for greater public involvement in political discourse, it also poses serious challenges. One of the main challenges is the rapid and uncontrolled spread of disinformation, which can affect the integrity of the political process and undermine public trust in political institutions. In addition, social polarization is increasingly evident due to the tendency of individuals to be trapped in 'echo chambers'—conversations that reinforce personal views and ignore other perspectives. This phenomenon is exacerbated by digital platform algorithms that tend to show content that matches user preferences, thus exacerbating social tensions. However, digital platforms also offer inclusive political participation, free expression, and greater transparency, which can strengthen public accountability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nanang Kurniawan, Ayu Larasati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Marketing Communication in the Electric Vehicle Industry on Social Media: A Content Analysis and Consumer Perception Study of Byd Atto 1 on Instagram and Tiktok
The increasing role of social media in digital marketing communication has reshaped how companies engage with consumers, particularly in the electric vehicle (EV) industry. This study aims to analyze the digital marketing communication strategies implemented by BYD for its BYD Atto 1 model on Instagram and TikTok, and to understand how consumer perceptions are shaped through social media interactions. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving content analysis of BYD Indonesia’s official social media posts and thematic analysis of 150 user comments collected from July to August 2025. The findings reveal that BYD utilizes three primary content types: promotional (e.g., pricing and warranty information), educational (e.g., cost and maintenance comparisons), and branding (e.g., lifestyle and identity messaging). Consumer responses are predominantly positive, with appreciation for the vehicle’s affordable price, modern design, and advanced technology. Some users also expressed purchase intentions. However, concerns regarding battery durability and the availability of charging infrastructure persist. The study concludes that while social media marketing effectively attracts attention and shapes favorable perceptions, addressing consumer concerns through clearer, more comprehensive educational content is essential to build trust and support EV adoption in the context of the energy transition.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Tiky Perdana, Rafii Ardyast Leksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Dayak Local Wisdom Values into Christian Religious Education as a Model for Contextual Learning
This study examines the integration of Dayak local wisdom values into Christian Religious Education as a contextual learning model. The study is motivated by the need for Christian education that is capable of responding to globalization and digital transformation while remaining rooted in local cultural identity. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach by examining various books, scientific journals, and academic articles related to Dayak culture, contextual learning, and Christian Religious Education. The results show that Dayak local wisdom contains educational values such as mutual cooperation, solidarity, respect for nature, communal life, responsibility, and spirituality that are relevant to the principles of Christian Religious Education. These values can be integrated into contextual learning through teaching materials, character education, learning strategies, and reflective learning experiences based on students’ cultural backgrounds. The integration of Dayak local wisdom into Christian Religious Education not only creates meaningful and contextual learning but also contributes to character formation, strengthening cultural identity, and fostering ecological awareness among students. Therefore, Dayak local wisdom has significant potential to be developed as a contextual learning model in Christian Religious Education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Perminas Duatan, Yanet Rannu, Marson Apui https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Verbal Abuse Among Theology Students: A Biblical Analysis and Pastoral Response Through Faith-and-Character-Based Christian Education
Verbal abuse has become an increasingly concerning issue within higher education environments, including theological institutions, where students are expected to develop spiritual maturity, ethical behavior, and Christ-centered character. Destructive forms of communication—such as insults, sarcasm, labeling, humiliation, and verbal intimidation—can negatively impact students’ psychological well-being, academic participation, self-esteem, and spiritual growth. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of verbal abuse among theology students through biblical, pastoral, and Christian educational perspectives, using Ephesians 4:29 as the primary theological foundation. A qualitative approach was employed, combining library research with theological-pastoral analysis. Relevant literature from biblical theology, pastoral care, Christian education, psychology, and communication studies was systematically reviewed using content analysis. The study also applied the Pastoral Circle framework, which includes seeing reality, socio-theological analysis, faith reflection, and pastoral action. The findings reveal that verbal abuse not only harms students’ emotional and social well-being but also contradicts Christian communication ethics and the principles of grace-centered relationships. The study concludes that integrating biblical teachings, pastoral care, and faith-based character education is essential to fostering constructive communication, promoting emotional healing, supporting spiritual transformation, and cultivating a healthier campus culture among theology students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosmiaty Loly, Lenggan Pait, Florence Farida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Legislative Intervention in Executive Social Programs: A Case Study of DPR Influence in the Distribution of the Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP)
Study examines the dynamics of executive–legislative relations in Indonesia by analyzing the informal interventions of members of the House of Representatives (DPR) in the distribution of the Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP), a social assistance scheme formally administered by the executive. Although the legal framework assigns program implementation to the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Religious Affairs, and local education offices, field practices show that legislators frequently position themselves as intermediaries or even gatekeepers in the allocation of PIP benefits. Drawing on policy documents, secondary data, and reported cases, this study argues that such legislative involvement constitutes an encroachment on executive functions, blurring institutional boundaries and weakening bureaucratic accountability, which directly impacts program integrity and governance. The paper situates these practices within theories of delegation, patronage politics, and informal institutions, demonstrating how political actors leverage social programs for constituency service and electoral advantage. Ultimately, the study highlights how the interaction between formal rules and informal political behavior affects the integrity, equity, and transparency of welfare program delivery in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marva Sadira Suksmoputri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Literature Review: The Relationship Between Mothers’ Knowledge of Diarrhea and Diarrhea Prevention Behaviors in Toddlers
Diarrhea remains a major health problem in toddlers, contributing to high rates of child morbidity and mortality. Diarrhea prevention behavior in toddlers is strongly influenced by the mother's role as the primary caregiver, especially the mother's level of knowledge about diarrhea. This research aims to analyze the relationship between the mother's level of knowledge about diarrhea and diarrhea prevention behavior in toddlers based on the results of previous studies. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA approach. Articles were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using keywords on maternal knowledge, diarrhea, and prevention behavior in toddlers with Boolean operators (AND/OR). Inclusion criteria included quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods studies published from 2020–2025, full-text, and addressing the relationship between maternal knowledge and diarrhea prevention or incidence. Fifteen eligible articles were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that maternal knowledge levels were significantly associated with diarrhea prevention behaviors, diarrhea management practices, the implementation of clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS), and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Mothers with good knowledge levels tended to implement more optimal prevention behaviors and had toddlers with a lower risk of diarrhea. However, the effectiveness of knowledge implementation is influenced by maternal characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, and sanitation availability. Maternal knowledge plays a crucial role in preventing diarrhea in toddlers through preventive behaviors and reducing its incidence. Thus, sustainable health education supported by adequate sanitation and environmental conditions must be improved to reduce diarrhea incidence in toddlers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Nyoman Sutiari, Cici Cici, Siti Hartina, Sudirman Sudirman, Ahmad Yani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Professional Ethics of Marriage Officiants from a Legal Perspective: A Juridical-Empirical Study of Indications of Gratification and Conflicts of Interest in Marriage Services
Public services, including marriage registration, require integrity and professional ethics from state officials to prevent malpractices such as gratification and conflicts of interest. However, empirical reality often shows a gap between legal norms and field practices. This research aims to analyze the professional ethics of marriage registrars from a legal perspective and to examine indications of gratification practices and conflicts of interest in marriage services. The research employs a juridical-empirical method with statutory and sociological approaches, using literature review and interviews with informants at an anonymized Office of Religious Affairs. The findings reveal a gap between ethical norms and practices in the field, indicated by informal giving from the public to registrars and the role of intermediaries in handling administrative procedures, which may give rise to conflicts of interest. These practices are influenced by cultural factors, limited transparency, and insufficient public understanding of official procedures. The study concludes that strengthening oversight, enhancing service transparency, and improving public education are essential to achieving integrity and accountability in marriage services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Shiva’ul Haq Asjach https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Restorative Justice in Customary Criminal Law in Indonesia: A Legal and Sociological Study
Restorative justice has emerged as a critical response to the retributive paradigm in criminal justice systems, which often neglects victim recovery and social harmony. In Indonesia, this approach is not new but has long been embedded in customary criminal law as part of the living law, emphasizing deliberation, community involvement, and the restoration of social balance. This study aims to analyze the regulation of restorative justice in Indonesian positive law and to examine the urgency of reforming criminal procedural law through the integration of customary criminal law values. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches, supported by descriptive, argumentative, and evaluative analysis techniques. The findings reveal that although restorative justice has been recognized in several legal instruments, including Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and various internal regulations of law enforcement agencies, its regulation remains fragmented, sectoral, and not yet fully integrated into the national criminal procedural system. Meanwhile, customary criminal law demonstrates strong paradigmatic alignment with restorative justice, particularly in terms of community participation and social restoration. The study concludes that reforming national criminal law by integrating restorative justice principles based on customary law is essential to bridge the gap between positive law and living law, thereby fostering a more responsive, humane, and substantively just criminal justice system aligned with Indonesia's socio-cultural values.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putu Ulandari Sri Lestari, I Made Sudharma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0