Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains

A 40-Year-Old Woman With Grade Ii Hypertension and Obesity Case Report

2025-07-17T06:23:39+00:00

Hypertension is a global problem and its incidence continues to increase throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Hypertension is known as the silent killer because sufferers often do not show complaints or symptoms. Many people only find out that they have hypertension after complications. The incidence of hypertension is influenced by several risk factors. Modifiable risk factors of hypertension include diet, lack of physical activity, and overweight or obese. Management of hypertension not only focuses on pharmacology but also non-pharmacological therapy- life intervention, namely lifestyle changes and improving modifiable risk factors. Early management of hypertension is very important because it can prevent complications in several organs of the body such as the heart, kidneys, and brain.

The Practice of Skilled Nurses in the Care of Patients Diabetes Mellitus: Scoping Review

2025-07-04T09:20:40+00:00

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with rising global prevalence, posing significant morbidity and mortality challenges. Skilled nurses play a pivotal role in DM management through holistic care, yet disparities in nursing knowledge, self-management practices, and resource limitations hinder optimal outcomes. This scoping review aims to map proficient nursing practices in DM care, identify barriers to effective self-management, and evaluate the impact of nurse-led interventions on patient outcomes. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (2015–2025) using keywords like "skilled nursing practice" and "diabetes mellitus." From 325 identified articles, 20 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed thematically. Key findings revealed: (1) a strong correlation between nurses’ knowledge/attitudes and quality of care; (2) socioeconomic and educational barriers to patient self-management; and (3) the cost-effectiveness and efficacy of nurse-led interventions in improving glycemic control (e.g., reduced HbA1c levels) and patient satisfaction. The study underscores the need for standardized nursing training, enhanced patient education, and policy support to address workforce shortages. By bridging knowledge gaps and optimizing nurse-led models, this review contributes to global DM care standards, advocating for scalable, patient-centered interventions.

Between Efficiency And Traditional Values: Examining Social Sensitivity Of Rural And Urban Communities To The Punjungan Tradition

2025-07-14T06:27:01+00:00

The richness of tradition and culture in Javanese society, which is known for its deep values, has undeniably been transformed along with the entry of modernization that changes their social dynamics. This problem occurs in the punjungan tradition in Purworejo Regency, Central Java. The punjungan tradition that is carried out from generation to generation and provides a symbol of nobility for the social life of the community cannot be denied that it must coexist with the modernization of the times. This research aims to identify and analyze the understanding, practice, and social sensitivity of Purworejo people towards the punjungan tradition by comparing responses from rural and urban communities. The research method used is narrative qualitative. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observations, and literature studies, and data analysis was carried out thematically deductively by creating main themes as a reference in the process of data processing, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. At the end of this paper, it provides a conclusion in the form of social sensitivity of rural and urban communities towards the punjungan tradition in an effort to preserve the punjungan tradition in Purworejo Regency.

Enhancing Motivation to Learn Mathematics Among Elementary School Children at Pondok X

2025-07-04T09:25:10+00:00

This research aimed to enhance the motivation of elementary school children aged 7-11 years at Pondok X in learning Mathematics through interactive and engaging methods. The research employed a pre-test and post-test design, with a learning motivation questionnaire encompassing six key indicators: (1) desire to succeed, (2) learning drive, (3) future expectations, (4) recognition in learning, (5) interest in learning activities, and (6) a conducive learning environment. The results showed a notable increase in motivation, particularly in the areas of desire to succeed, internal learning drive, and future aspirations. The interventions, including educational games such as "Mathematics Snake and Ladder," "Flash Cards," "Congklak," and "Audio-Visual Media," contributed to creating a more engaging and enjoyable learning experience. These methods, tailored to the cognitive development stages of children, proved effective in boosting their enthusiasm for learning Mathematics. The findings underscore the importance of using age-appropriate, interactive learning tools to foster positive learning behaviors. The research has practical implications for educators seeking to improve student engagement and academic performance in Mathematics.

System Dynamics Model for Reducing Unemployment Rate of Vocational High School Graduate in Indonesia

2025-07-08T10:56:47+00:00

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) serves as Indonesia's vocational high school system designed to produce work-ready graduates. However, SMK graduates consistently maintain the highest open unemployment rate among all education levels in Indonesia at 9.42% in 2024, significantly higher than Thailand's 0.59% for vocational graduates. This study utilized system dynamics methodology to analyze factors contributing to SMK graduate unemployment and simulate policy interventions to reduce unemployment rates by 2045. Through interviews with 11 stakeholders, literature review, and observations, 34 variables were identified in a Causal Loop Diagram and converted into a Stock Flow Diagram with 54 variables. Twenty-two scenarios were developed across four groups: GDP growth analysis, education budget allocation, budget distribution analysis, and SMK budget composition. Results indicate that maintaining GDP growth above 4.89% or allocating minimum 8.544% of GDP to education budget can eliminate SMK graduate unemployment by 2045. The most effective intervention is increasing student certification budget allocation, which can achieve zero unemployment by 2040. The study recommends implementing "Scenario 0 Unemployment" with 8.273% allocation for student certification while equally distributing remaining budget between partnership and infrastructure improvements.

Legal Protection for the Public in the Implementation of CRS and FATCA in Improving Account Opening Compliance at Bank Indonesia

2025-07-23T08:38:32+00:00

This research examines the legal protection for the public in implementing the Common Reporting Standard (CRS) and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) at Bank Indonesia. The increasing need for transparency in financial transactions highlights the importance of compliance in bank account openings. FATCA aims to combat tax evasion by requiring foreign financial institutions to report accounts held by U.S. taxpayers. However, this poses challenges to Indonesia’s banking secrecy laws, particularly Pasal 40 of the Undang-Undang Perbankan, which protects customer information. The study explores the implications of these regulations on customer trust and the operational readiness of Indonesian banks to meet international standards. Additionally, it evaluates the cooperation between Indonesia and the United States in enforcing FATCA and the CRS framework, emphasizing the need for regulatory adaptation to ensure compliance without compromising customer confidentiality. The findings indicate that while CRS and FATCA enhance transparency, they also necessitate careful consideration of legal protections for customers to maintain their trust in financial institutions. This research contributes to understanding the intersection of international tax compliance and local banking regulations, providing insights for policymakers and financial institutions in Indonesia.

Analysis Of The Role Of Burnout In The Relationship Between Workload And Work-Family Conflict (Wfc) On The Performance Of Healthcare Workers At Air Saga Community Health Center

2025-07-07T12:30:23+00:00

Puskesmas as a first-level health facility has the main responsibility in providing promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services to the community. Air Saga Health Center is one of 9 health centers under the Belitung Regency Health Office. This health center serves a working area consisting of 6 villages/sub-districts with a population of 5,304 people and the outpatient service load reaches more than 15,000 visits a year. To carry out its duties, the Air Saga Health Center is supported by 57 health workers and non-medical employees, including 18 nurses, 2 dental nurses, 13 midwives, as well as 2 dentists and 2 general practitioners. The organizational structure and role of human resources in the health service system greatly affect the effectiveness of the organization as a whole. When workload increases without adequate human resource management, the risk of burnout becomes high. is a condition of emotional, physical, and mental fatigue that occurs due to prolonged work pressure, and has been proven to reduce the quality of health workers' services. Some studies show that burnout does not stand alone, but is often mediated by other factors, such as high workload and Work-Family Conflict (WFC). International research shows that Work-Family Conflict and workload simultaneously affect and degrade the performance of nurses and other medical personnel, both in developing countries such as Iran and developed countries such as South Korea and China. Studies in Indonesia also show that work-family conflicts, burnout, and work stress contribute significantly to the decline in nurse performance in various hospital and health center contexts

Disease Classification Using Hybrid Random Forest and Autoencoder on Image-Based Radiology Data

2025-07-04T09:27:35+00:00

Radiological images, including X-rays, MRI, and CT scans, are essential modalities for disease diagnosis. However, the complexity of medical image data presents significant challenges in developing accurate and reliable classification models within the field of radiology. This study proposes a hybrid model that integrates an Autoencoder with a Random Forest classifier for disease classification based on radiological images. The Autoencoder is utilized to extract deep feature representations from the images, while the Random Forest serves as a robust classification algorithm. The research workflow involves preprocessing radiological image data to ensure quality and consistency, developing and training the Autoencoder to generate meaningful feature representations, and implementing the Random Forest as the classification model using the features extracted by the Autoencoder. The performance of the proposed hybrid model is evaluated by comparing it with baseline approaches, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and standalone Random Forest models, using evaluation metrics including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, which are critical for assessing classification performance in medical imaging. This research aims to advance artificial intelligence applications in medical imaging, specifically for supporting disease diagnosis. The proposed model is anticipated to provide an efficient and reliable solution for processing radiological image data, thereby enhancing diagnostic capabilities and supporting clinical decision-making in the healthcare sector. The integration of deep feature extraction with robust classification is expected to address existing challenges in medical image analysis and contribute to the development of more effective diagnostic tools.

Side Effects of Combination Therapy with Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide in Breast Cancer Patients at General Hospital Jend. Ahmad Yani Metro

2025-07-04T09:09:22+00:00

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer globally, with a significant impact on women’s health. This study investigates the side effects of combination therapy with Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide in breast cancer patients at General Hospital Jend. Ahmad Yani Metro. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of 30 breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with this combination therapy during June 2025. The study aimed to identify the onset and frequency of side effects associated with this chemotherapy regimen. The results showed that the most common side effects were hematologic (anemia) and non-hematologic (hair loss), with the onset of symptoms occurring at various stages of treatment. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and findings were presented in frequency distribution tables to facilitate understanding of the side effects experienced by the patients. This study provides valuable insights into the challenges faced by breast cancer patients undergoing combination therapy, offering crucial information for improving patient care and management.

The Influence of Financial Factors on Stock Performance and Their Implication on Firm Value in Coal Subsector Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange using SEM PLS

2025-07-18T02:42:41+00:00

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of financial factors on company value and stock performance in coal subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study is based on the necessity of understanding how financial indicators such as profitability, leverage, liquidity, and corporate actions influence firm value and investor perception, especially in capital-intensive industries that are extremely sensitive to external swings. Previous research has shown conflicting results, indicating the need for additional empirical examination, particularly in Indonesia's energy sector setting. The study adopts a quantitative approach called Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The sample consists of 57 observations gathered specifically from coal company annual reports for the years 2023-2024. Exogenous factors (X) include profitability (ROA, ROE), leverage (DER), liquidity (CR), and corporate action (DIV). Endogenous variables (Y) include Stock Performance (Stock Return) and Firm Value (PBV). The study shows that only leverage has a substantial and favourable effect on stock performance (path coefficient = 0.331, p-value = 0.005). Other variables, including profitability, liquidity, and corporate actions, have no substantial impact on firm valuation or stock performance. These findings imply that, in the coal sector, external factors and market mood may be more important than traditional financial measures in determining business value and investor reactions

Historical Awareness Of The Nualain Village Community In Fostering Nationalism Through Baipor Hatama Local Wisdom

2025-07-18T02:53:25+00:00

This research is motivated by the problem of the national perspective of the people in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region. The objectives to be achieved in this research are to describe the local wisdom of Baipor Hatama, describe and analyze the values contained in the local wisdom of Baipor Hatama which contains historical awareness in fostering nationalism, and describe the activities that emerge from the local wisdom of Baipor Hatama which contains the values of nationalism. The research method used in this research is a case study research method. This research is based on the cultural ties between Indonesia and Timor Leste. The results of this research are first, the community makes Baipor Hatama a symbol of the separation of the tribes in Nualain from those in Timor Leste. Second, the cultural values in the local wisdom of Baipor Hatama and other cultures in the Nualain community can foster nationalism in people in border areas. Third, the historical awareness of the Nualain community is demonstrated by the community's nationalistic attitude by participating in various activities containing nationalist values in the border region.

Systematic Literature Review (SlR): Characteristics of Millennial Generation Workers

2025-07-04T09:11:52+00:00

This study examines the characteristics of millennial workers in Indonesia, focusing on their values, challenges, and needs within a constantly evolving work environment. Millennials, born between 1981 and 1996, are known as "digital natives" and tend to prioritize passion and meaning in their work over mere performance. They often question whether organizations value their contributions and provide opportunities for growth. Despite their high adaptability and leadership potential, millennials display low levels of commitment and loyalty, influenced by factors such as unsupportive work environments and negative perceptions of their generation. This research employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to summarize relevant findings, identify the challenges faced by millennials, and highlight the importance of responsive human resource management practices. By understanding the characteristics and needs of millennials, organizations are expected to enhance employee engagement, job satisfaction, and retention, as well as effectively leverage their potential within the workplace.

Authentic Deed Not Signed By The Parties Before A Notary (Simulated Case Of Land Acquisition Through A Deed Of Release Of Rights In Tabanan District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province)

2025-07-18T02:46:49+00:00

The release of land rights, intended to sever the legal relationship between the rights holder and the land they possess, is carried out through a Deed of Release of Rights. Such an authentic deed must be drawn up before a notary, read aloud, and signed by the appearing parties, witnesses, and the notary themselves, as stipulated in the applicable laws and regulations. However, in reality, cases have been found that do not adhere to these provisions, specifically the case in Decision No. 144/PDT/2021 of the Denpasar High Court, where a Deed of Release of Rights prepared by a notary was not signed by the appearing parties in the presence of the public official who drew up the deed. Therefore, this research was conducted by addressing the issues related to the legal consequences of a Deed of Release of Rights not signed by the appearing party before a notary and the responsibility of a notary who prepares such a deed. This doctrinal research collects secondary data through document studies. The data, in the form of legal materials, is also strengthened by interviews with relevant sources and subsequently analyzed qualitatively. From the analysis, it can be explained that a Deed of Release of Rights not signed by the appearing party before a notary is degraded into a private deed (underhand deed) because the deed is declared legally defective, thus it cannot serve as a basis for the transfer of land rights. Thus, it can be stated that the creation of such a deed has caused losses to the parties, so a notary who prepares such a Deed of Release of Rights can be given sanctions, either administratively (ranging from a warning to dishonorable discharge based on Article 16 paragraph (11) of the Notary Law), or held civilly liable through a claim for damages as regulated in Article 1366 of the Civil Code. Furthermore, there is potential for criminal sanctions if it meets the elements specified in Articles 263, 264, and 266 of the Criminal Code concerning document forgery.

The Effect of Trust, Ease of Use, and Electronic Word of Mouth on Purchase Intention of Skintific Products Through Tiktok Shop Among Generation Z In Jakarta

2025-07-04T09:13:12+00:00

This study aims to analyze the influence of trust, ease of use, and electronic word of mouth on purchase intention of Skintific brand facial care products through the TikTok Store platform among Generation Z in Jakarta. Along with the increasing use of social media as a shopping platform, TikTok has become not only a means of entertainment but also an effective marketing channel for various beauty brands. Skintific as one of the popular skincare brands among young people, utilizes TikTok Store and user reviews to build trust and increase ease in the purchasing process. Generation Z as active TikTok users and potential consumers of skincare products are the main focus of this study, considering their characteristics which are highly influenced by digital reviews and ease of technology. Through a quantitative approach, this study will measure the extent to which each variable of trust, ease of use, and electronic word of mouth contributes significantly to purchase intention. The results of this study are expected to provide insight for business actors and marketers in designing more effective digital strategies to attract young consumers' buying interest, especially on rapidly growing social media platforms such as TikTok.

Law Under The Grip Of Power

2025-07-17T06:18:21+00:00

The concept of the state of law is an idea that is considered the most ideal applied today in the context of a welfare state, although the concept is carried out with different perceptions and methods in each country in the world. The term "state of law" in Indonesian is often also translated as "rule of law" or "government based on law" in the sense that every behavior and policy of the government in making decisions must be based on the principle of legality and there should be no arbitrary actions that have the nuances of abuse of power and/or permeation of power. In the state of law, there is a strict restriction on the power of the government or the state that carries out the function of governance or state governance so as not to abuse power to oppress the people and amputate human rights as a basic right that is inherent in nature. In addition, so that the ruler's government as the dominant role holder does not give a special position to oligarchic groups that symbiosis manipulate law enforcement and undermine the democratic order to seize or maintain power hegemony. The essential principle in the state of law is that all people must be subject to the law equally based on the principles of equality and justice without discrimination. All people, both those who are ruled (people or citizens) and those who rule (rulers) in the interaction of the life of the nation and the state, are not immune to the law, in fact all without exception must submit and obey the applicable law according to the principle of equality before the law. The concept of the rule of law does not tolerate or even oppose totalitarian, dictatorial or fascist systems of government, nor against anarchist systems of government, which often treat the people arbitrarily in the name of power wrapped in the manipulation of law enforcement. In essence, the legal character produced in a democratic government under the concept of the state of law is responsive and accommodating. Likewise, the legal substance formulated in every law and regulation must reflect the recognition and respect for human rights. Human rights are one of the measures of law enforcement. But unfortunately the character of the law and the substance of the law in Indonesia are not realized at all because they are ignored by the rulers, in fact what happens is often that the law is applied according to the taste of the rulers, the principle of legality and the principle of equality before the law are only manipulative jargon because what happens in Indonesia is that the law is in the grip of power.

The Differences in Epistemology in Islam: Traditional, Rational, And Sufistic Approaches

2025-07-04T09:15:44+00:00

This study examines the diverse epistemological approaches in Islam - traditional (naqli), rational (aqli), and sufistic (dzauqi) - which reflect different methods of acquiring and validating knowledge. The research problem stems from the frequent isolation of these approaches in contemporary discourse, creating a gap in understanding their potential integration and collective contribution to Islamic thought. The objectives are threefold: (1) to analyze the methodological foundations of each approach, (2) to compare their strengths and limitations, and (3) to explore their complementary roles in addressing modern epistemological challenges. Using qualitative methodology with literature analysis, the study draws from classical Islamic texts and works by key figures like Al-Ghazali, Ibn Sina, and Ibn Arabi. The findings reveal that while the naqli approach emphasizes textual authority, aqli prioritizes reason, and dzauqi values spiritual experience, these methods are not mutually exclusive. Rather, they form a dynamic spectrum of knowledge acquisition in Islam. The research demonstrates how integrating these approaches can enrich contemporary Islamic scholarship, particularly in reconciling faith with modern science and addressing secular epistemological frameworks. The implications suggest the need for educational models that harmonize textual, rational, and spiritual dimensions of knowledge, offering Muslims a more holistic approach to navigating today's intellectual landscape while maintaining theological integrity.

Development of Basics of Bowed String Instruments Textbook for Students of Performing Arts Education Program at FKIP Untan

2025-07-17T06:22:26+00:00

The use of textbooks has become an urgent need for performing art student at FKIP Untan. Therefore, This research was conducted with the aim of developing a Basic Bowed String Instrument Textbook to serve as a guide for students and lecturers, in order to achieve good learning outcomes in accordance with the curriculum objectives. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method. The research design used in this study is the 4-D Research and Development with the Borg and Gall Model. The development of teaching materials based on textbooks is carried out in several stages, namely the needs analysis stage, product development, and product testing, which is conducted twice: a small group trial with 8 students in the first stage and a large group trial with 17 students. The data collection instruments used were the needs analysis for lecturers and the needs analysis for students in the form of questionnaires and observation sheets. Qualitative data were obtained from expert and student evaluations in the form of suggestions and feedback on the product plan. Quantitative data were obtained from questionnaires resulting from small group trials and large group trials. The data analysis technique used was quantitative descriptive analysis with percentages. The score obtained from media experts (87%) falls into the valid category, and the score from music learning experts (88.3%) also falls into the valid category. The average results of the trials in both small and large groups show a sufficiently valid percentage (75.82%), allowing the textbook to be used with minor revisions.

The Influence of Digital Literacy, Marketing Strategy, and Business Duration on The Income of MSMES Using E-Catalogs in Denpasar City

2025-07-04T09:19:21+00:00

The development of the current era where digitalization is growing rapidly indirectly shifts the pattern of business people in running a business. Utilizing the marketplace as a medium to interact with buyers is an opportunity to be able to develop a business with a wider reach. The government, which is also active in the procurement process of goods and services, also uses electronic media in the procurement of goods and services to create a transparent shopping climate, fair competition, and shopping at reasonable prices. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of digital literacy, marketing strategies, and business duration in increasing the income of MSMEs using E-Catalog in Denpasar City. This research is a type of quantitative research. Data collection techniques through observation and interviews conducted by researchers to MSME actors using E-Catalog in Denpasar City. The results of this study show that digital literacy, marketing strategies, and business length have a positive and significant effect on the income of MSMEs using E-Catalog in Denpasar City.

The Concept of Moral Education in The Qur'an: A Comparative Study of Tafsir Ibn Katsir and Tafsir Fath Al-Qadir

2025-07-17T06:24:56+00:00

This study aims to analyze and compare the concept of moral education in the Qur'an through a comparative study between Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Tafsir Fath Al-Qadir by Imam Ash-Syaukani. The focus of the research is directed to five main verses, namely Surah An-Nisa' verse 36, Al-Hujurat verse 11-12, Al-Isra' verse 53, Al-Furqan verse 63, and Al-A'raf verse 199, which contain the fundamental values of moral education such as monotheism, doing good to parents, relatives, neighbors, peers, and prohibiting negative behavior such as arrogance, prejudice, and bullying. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach. The results of the study show that the two interpretations have fundamental similarities in emphasizing the importance of moral education based on monotheism and the strengthening of universal moral values. However, there are differences in the methodological approach: Ibn Kathir's Tafsir prioritizes tafsir bi al-ma'tsur (history-based) and quotes a lot from hadith and the opinions of the Companions, while Tafsir Fath Al-Qadir combines the methods of history and ra'yi (rational-critical) with an emphasis on linguistic analysis and contextualization of moral values. These similarities and differences enrich perspectives in understanding the moral education of the Qur'an comprehensively and applicatively in the modern era. The suggestion of this study is for educators, policymakers, and the public to integrate the moral educational values of the Qur'an into the curriculum and practice of daily life by referring to the richness of classical and contextual interpretation. By understanding the depth of interpretation and its implications for moral education, it is hoped that a young generation can be formed with noble character, responsibility, and able to answer moral challenges in the current era.

The Effect of Intrauterine Exposure of Antibiotics on The Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Asian Children: A Systematic Review

2025-07-04T09:23:30+00:00

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by pruritus and recurrent skin lesions, affecting a significant percentage of children globally. The prevalence of AD is rising, particularly in Asian populations, potentially due to rapid urbanization and environmental changes. This systematic review explores the impact of intrauterine antibiotic exposure on the risk of developing AD in Asian children, considering the multifactorial nature of the disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Objectives: The primary objective of this review is to synthesize existing research on the correlation between maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and the incidence of AD in offspring within Asian populations. The review aims to identify potential modifiable risk factors and elucidate the underlying mechanisms contributing to AD development. Methods: The review adhered to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines, conducting a comprehensive literature search using PubMed and Cochrane Library. The search strategy focused on studies published in English between 2000 and 2025, involving keywords related to antibiotics, maternal exposure, and atopic dermatitis. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies with healthy mothers and accessible full texts, while exclusion criteria involved studies lacking essential details. Results: The review included 6 prospective cohort studies from China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, with a total sample sizes of 1.073.245 mother-children pairs ranging from 412 to 900,584 participants. The studies employed various methods to assess antibiotic exposure, including maternal urine samples, parent-reported data, and medical records. Results varied, with some studies indicating a significant correlation between antibiotic exposure and increased AD risk, while others found no association. The inconsistency in findings highlights the complexity of AD and the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Discussion: The findings suggest a multifaceted relationship between maternal antibiotic exposure and AD risk, potentially mediated by alterations in gut microbiota and immune system development. The variability in results underscores the need for standardized methodologies and further research to clarify the mechanisms involved. The review emphasizes the importance of considering genetic predisposition and environmental influences in understanding AD etiology. Conclusion: This systematic review indicates a possible link between prenatal antibiotic exposure and AD in Asian children, though evidence remains inconclusive. Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and identify modifiable risk factors. Understanding the impact of antibiotics on AD progression could inform clinical practices and public health strategies, potentially leading to targeted interventions to reduce AD prevalence in high-risk populations.

Evaluation of the Use of Antihypertensive Drugs in Outpatients at Bandar Lampung Private Hospitals

2025-07-08T10:54:49+00:00

Hypertension is one of the diseases that always receives the world's attention because it is the largest cause of morbidity globally. The main problem related to hypertension is the inaccuracy of prescribing antihypertensive drugs that often occurs in developing countries such as Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the use of antihypertensive drugs in outpatients at Bandar Lampung Private Hospital. The study used a non-experimental descriptive quantitative method with a retrospective approach based on the medical records of hypertension patients for the period March-May 2024 using the JNC 8 guideline. The research sample was 100 hypertensive patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that the characteristics of patients were dominated by women (58%), age >60 years (48%), and hypertension of degree 1 (73%). The evaluation of the accuracy of the use of antihypertensive drugs showed the correct dosage of 165 patients (91%), the correct disease indication of 100 patients (100%), the correct selection of drugs for 100 patients (100%), the correct diagnosis of 100 patients (100%), the correct way of administering 181 drugs (100%), and the right time interval for giving 172 patients (95.03%). The most drug combination was ACEI + CCB (18%) with amlodipine 10mg as the most commonly used drug (19.34%). It can be concluded that the use of antihypertensive drugs at Bandar Lampung Private Hospital has shown a high level of rationality on most of the evaluation parameters.

Analysis of the Role of Shopee Live and Digital Marketing Strategy in Optimizing Sales at CV Kampung Souvenir

2025-07-07T12:32:39+00:00

In the digital era, consumer shopping patterns continue to evolve, and one rapidly growing trend is live shopping through platforms such as Shopee Live. This study aims to understand how Shopee Live can help enhance customer engagement and support sales at CV Kampung Souvenir. Additionally, the research will explore the most effective digital marketing strategies for the company to implement. Data will be collected through interviews with the company’s internal team, customer surveys, and sales trend analysis. This research is expected to provide valuable insights for CV Kampung Souvenir and other MSMEs in leveraging digital technology to grow their businesses amid increasingly fierce competition in the online market.

Realizing a High-Quality and Locally-Wise Global Tourism Business in Bali Based on Bali Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2020

2025-07-08T10:59:46+00:00

Bali, as one of the world’s top tourist destinations, faces a significant challenge in preserving its local cultural wisdom amidst the pressures of globalization. Bali Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2020 on Standards for Bali Cultural Tourism serves as a concrete effort to address these challenges. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the regulation in balancing global demands with the preservation of local cultural values in Bali. The research methodology used is normative legal research with a document analysis approach, focusing on examining relevant legal texts and policies. This study also identifies various barriers to the effective application of the regulation. The main findings reveal that, although the regulation was designed to protect Bali's culture, its implementation is still hindered by factors such as inadequate monitoring, a lack of understanding among tourism business operators about local cultural values, and a mismatch between local norms and global standards. Additionally, the involvement of traditional villages in monitoring and policy formulation remains limited. This study recommends that the government strengthen monitoring mechanisms involving traditional communities, provide more space for traditional villages in decision-making, and introduce more progressive and concrete sanctions to ensure the effective application of Bali's cultural values. Thus, the implementation of this regulation can be more effective in protecting Bali’s cultural heritage amidst the growing challenges of globalization.

The Function and Role of Chinese Language in the Import Business of Goods at PT Anson Ratu Bakindo

2025-07-04T09:26:11+00:00

Mandarin is currently significant in global commerce, particularly in the import sector, where it involves collaboration with Chinese trading partners. As one of the world’s leading exporters, proficiency in Mandarin is a key advantage for businesses aiming to broaden their market presence and ensure efficient import operations. This research aims to thoroughly examine how the function and role of the Mandarin language are utilized in the operational aspects of PT Anson Ratu Bakindo, including communication and negotiation processes, document management, and the maintenance of business relationships with Chinese suppliers. Through interviews and observations with the owner and employees at PT Anson Ratu Bakindo, it was found that the use of Mandarin directly enhances communication effectiveness, reduces language misunderstandings, and accelerates transaction processes. The results of this study indicate that if the company’s owner and purchasing department staff at PT Anson Ratu Bakindo possess fluent Mandarin language skills, daily operations can be conducted effectively without misunderstandings, such as incorrect types or quantities of delivered goods. Therefore, Mandarin language training for employees at PT Anson Ratu Bakindo, as well as recruiting staff with Mandarin proficiency, is recommended as part of the human resources development strategy and international business expansion. In conclusion, the Mandarin language not only serves as a medium of communication but also as a supporting factor for success in the import business.

Juridical Analysis Of The Implementation Of Criminal Tax Offense Decisions (Case Study: Decision Of Case Number: 387/Pid.Sus/2022/Pn Plg At The Palembang District Court)

2025-07-07T12:31:22+00:00

The Harmonization of Tax Regulations Law of 2021 plays a crucial role in strengthening the enforcement of tax crimes in Indonesia. This law prioritizes the recovery of state losses over solely punishing offenders through imprisonment.. Article 44B, paragraph 2a, stipulates that convicts are given the opportunity to make payments to recover state losses, extending this possibility up to the trial stage (HPP Law, 2021). Furthermore, Article 44C, paragraph (1) states that fines as referred to in Article 39 and Article 39A cannot be substituted with imprisonment and must be paid by the convict (HPP Law, 2021).To ensure a deterrent effect on tax offenders—considering the severe impact of tax crimes on state revenues—Article 39, paragraph (1) emphasizes that any person who deliberately commits actions specified in points (a) to (i), resulting in state revenue losses, shall be punished with a minimum prison sentence of six (6) months and a maximum of six (6) years (HPP Law, 2021). The emphasis is on imprisonment without the possibility of probation. As law enforcement officials, judges play a crucial role in the trial process, serving as decision-makers in tax dispute cases. Their role is essential in maximizing the recovery of state revenue losses and ensuring preventive measures. However, in practice, the implementation of tax crime rulings by judges has exhibited errors, leading to legal uncertainty. This, in turn, results in inadequate recovery of state revenue losses and a suboptimal deterrent effect on offenders.

Business Strategy for Sustainable Growth of a Consultant IT Company (Case Study of PT. Mulya, Jakarta, Indonesia)

2025-07-04T09:28:37+00:00

Technology is a key driver of sustainable business practices in the modern digital era, significantly improving operational efficiency and supporting sustainable consumption. The digital transformation of activities such as shopping and information exchange has accelerated technological development globally, including in Indonesia. Government initiatives, such as expanding internet networks, implementing digital payment systems, digitizing population data, and creating smart cities, have provided ample opportunities for the technology sector, including IT consulting firms like PT. Mulya in Jakarta. This research aims to identify the most sustainable and profitable strategic option for PT. Mulya to ensure its long-term growth and resilience amidst growing investor interest. The study adopts both qualitative and quantitative approaches, focusing on financial aspects relevant to sustainable business practices. The analysis includes a financial position audit, company valuation, and financial projections for PT. Mulya. The results offer insights into PT. Mulya's financial standing, providing clarity on the most viable strategic option among four proposed: majority acquisition, minority acquisition, joint cooperation, or rejecting the offer. The findings indicate the potential for PT. Mulya to enhance profitability and ensure sustainability with the right strategy. PT. Mulya can optimize its growth and sustainability by adopting the most suitable strategic option based on the research's findings. The study emphasizes the importance of aligning strategy with long-term financial goals for sustainable success. The study's implications provide valuable guidance for PT. Mulya and other similar firms in making informed strategic decisions that balance profitability with sustainability in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Apologetics: A Justification For Contemporary Christian Beliefs

2025-07-18T02:58:17+00:00

The creation of this article is a collaboration between lecturers and students in carrying out the teaching and learning process at the Global Glow Indonesia College (STTGGI) Jakarta. Lecturers are in Jakarta, while students live in the USA. This article discusses the relevance and application of Christian apologetics in contemporary contexts, focusing on the presuppositional approach taken by John M. Frame. Apologetics, as a discipline that defends and justifies the Christian faith, is often confronted with modern intellectual and cultural challenges. Frame offers a unique framework, one that rejects autonomous neutrality and instead asserts the supremacy of divine revelation as the basis for all knowledge. The presuppositional approach argues that a person's basic assumptions, or "presuppositions," fundamentally shape how they understand and evaluate truth claims. For Frame, God's revealed truth in the Bible is a key presupposition that must be recognized before any rational discussion can proceed meaningfully. This article will explore how Frame's views provide a solid foundation for responding to criticism of the Christian faith, including questions about the existence of God, evil, science, and morality. By highlighting the limitations of autonomous rationalism and the need for a transcendent starting point, Frame invites apologists not only to defend the faith, but also to show that the Christian worldview is the only coherent framework that can adequately explain reality. This study uses a qualitative method, analyzing Frame's key works and their application in current apologetic discourse, to identify practical implications for churches and individuals in the face of contemporary challenges to Christian belief. This article aims to present a comprehensive understanding of Framean apologetics as a vital tool for the vindication of the Christian faith in the 21st century, emphasizing the need for dependence on God and His revelation as the foundation for all intellectual endeavors.

Juridical Analysis of Crypto Assets as Property in Indonesian

2025-07-03T09:19:16+00:00

The development of technology and digitalization has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including the financial sector. One of the key innovations is crypto assets, which are digital assets utilizing cryptographic technology and blockchain for transaction security and verification. These assets have become a global phenomenon, attracting attention from the public, market participants, and regulators, including in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the legal status of crypto assets as property under Indonesian Civil Law. The rapid development of cryptocurrency and digital assets has raised questions regarding their classification as property and how they should be treated within existing legal frameworks. This research examines whether crypto assets can be considered as movable property under the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata) and explores the implications of this classification on property rights, transactions, and legal protections. Through a juridical analysis, this paper investigates the legal challenges and opportunities presented by crypto assets, particularly considering the legal void in Indonesian legislation regarding digital assets. The study concludes that, while crypto assets are not explicitly regulated under current Indonesian Civil Law, they may be categorized as movable property with certain legal considerations, especially in terms of ownership, transfer, and dispute resolution.

The Influence Of Parents' Economic Conditions On The Cognitive Thinking Ability Of Social Studies Students At Smp Negeri 19 Kupang City

2025-07-18T02:50:08+00:00

This study aims to examine the influence of parents' economic conditions on students' cognitive abilities in Social Studies (IPS) at SMP Negeri 19 Kota Kupang. The research uses a quantitative approach with a linear regression method. A total of 56 students from a population of 126 eighth-grade students were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected through observation, tests, and questionnaires, and analyzed using linear regression and t-tests. The results show a significant influence of parents' economic conditions on students' cognitive abilities, with a significance value of 0.002 < 0.05. Parents' economic conditions contribute 44% to the variation in students' cognitive performance. These findings indicate that better parental economic conditions correlate with higher student cognitive abilities.

Collaborative Supervision Strategy To Prevent Child Violence In Temporary Care Institutions

2025-06-27T08:25:13+00:00

Child abuse remains a serious issue in Child Care Centers, which serve as temporary care institutions for children of working parents—particularly mothers who are the main breadwinners. Several recent cases, including the death of an infant at Princess Childcare Bali, physical abuse in a Serpong daycare, and neglect at facilities such as Early Step in Pekan and Wensen School Indonesia in Depok, highlight the vulnerability of children in these settings. These incidents negatively affect children's growth and development and indicate systemic weaknesses in supervision and regulation. Data reveal that 44% of daycare centers operate without legal permits, 96% provide care services, yet only 33.3% of caregivers are certified. This reflects inadequate enforcement of care standards and fragmented oversight due to unclear inter-sectoral roles and responsibilities. This study uses a qualitative approach with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology to explore the current gaps in policy and institutional practice. The objective is to develop actionable policy recommendations that strengthen child protection in temporary care institutions. The findings point to a critical need for integrated, cross-sectoral supervision mechanisms and standardized caregiver certification requirements. The main policy recommendation is to revise and enhance the Child-Friendly District/City Evaluation Indicators to include clearer guidelines on childcare service regulation, oversight coordination, and caregiver competency standards. These measures are essential to improving institutional accountability and ensuring child safety and well-being in childcare facilities.

A Holistic Evaluation Model Review Of Language: Integration Of Knowledge, Attitude, And Skills In Technology-Based Summative And Formative Assessment

2025-07-18T02:44:45+00:00

Modern language education demands assessments that not only measure linguistic abilities, but also cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects in a holistic manner. With the advancement of educational technology, technology-based assessment offers the potential to integrate knowledge, attitudes, and skills into a more comprehensive evaluation framework. This paper employs a literature review method to analyze recent developments in the application of formative and summative assessments in language education, with a focus on the holistic integration of these three domains. The results of the literature review indicate that although many studies have discussed the use of technology in assessment, few address the holistic measurement of attitudes and skills alongside knowledge. This research contributes new insights by proposing a technology-based holistic evaluation model that can be applied within language learning contexts.

Compensation Practice in Construction Contracts Between the Government and Service Providers: a Review of the Principles of Equality and Freedom of Contract

2025-07-04T09:14:23+00:00

This study aims to analyze the practice of compensation in construction contracts between the government and service providers by reviewing their conformity to the principles of equality and freedom of contract. The practice of compensating in government construction projects is often colored by an imbalance of power between the parties, mainly due to the administrative dominance of the government. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method on the Settlement Infrastructure Supporting Special Housing for Ex-East Timorese Residents project in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, study of contract documents, and field observations. The results of the study show that the practice of compensation does not fully reflect the principle of equality due to the weak bargaining position of service providers in the negotiation process. In addition, the principle of freedom of contract is restricted in government contracts due to strict regulations and administrative procedures. This study recommends the need to reformulate compensation clauses that are fairer and more flexible, strengthen dispute resolution mechanisms, and increase transparency and accountability in the implementation of government construction contracts.

Histopathology Of Organ Tissues In Dengue Fever Patients: A Narrative Review

2025-07-17T06:20:32+00:00

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the tropical diseases that is still a global public health problem, this is closely related to the environmental conditions that support the life cycle of the Aedes species mosquito, which is the vector of its spread. Laboratory testing to support diagnosis is generally by examining viral or serological components. The technique is limited to the acute phase, so the role of histopathological aspects that explain changes in tissue structure in organs is significant. The histopathology reports of dengue hemorrhagic fever patients in this literature review will be summarized so that they can be used as a reference source for medical laboratory technology students, strengthening understanding of the tissue pathology of dengue virus infection. A total of ±126 million academic articles, reduced to the 50 papers most relevant to the research question. There are 7 articles that meet the criteria. Post-infectious organ tissue in dengue hemorrhagic fever patients, showing various conditions such as necrosis, edema, hemorrhage, vascular congestion in various organs; infiltration of inflammatory cells; viral replication characterized by the expression of dengue virus antigens in various cells; as well as the expression of chemokines and cytokines.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PRESENCE OF THE PRINCIPAL OR PLAINTIFF IN THE EVIDENCE PROCESS OF CIVIL PROCEDURAL LAW

2025-07-04T09:17:41+00:00

The civil court process is certainly different from other types of courts, such as criminal, administrative, military, and international courts. Civil courts are quite unique and complex, with judges tending to be passive, placing the burden of proof on the parties involved in the case. The agenda for hearing witness testimony is a crucial aspect of this process, and it is essential that both parties—the plaintiff and the defendant—respect and adhere to the applicable civil court procedures, such as those outlined in the HIR (High Court Regulations) applicable in Java and Madura, and the Rbg (Regional Court Regulations) applicable outside Java and Madura. This article aims to emphasize that the parties involved in the case should not arbitrarily withdraw their claims or unilaterally refuse to attend the scheduled hearing agenda, to prevent any abuse of power between one party and another, where one party prioritizes their own rights without considering the dignity of the court or the rights of others.