Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024

E-ISSN:2723 – 6692

P-ISSN:2723– 6595

http://jiss.publikasiindonesia.id/

Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 10, October 2024 2442

Optimizing the Marketing Potential of BSF Maggot as a

Decomposer of Organic Waste to Overcome Social Problems in

Murtigading Village, Bantul, D.I. Yogyakarta

Iman Hasanudin, Yohan Budianto, Zuhud Ahnaf Fauzi

Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Email : imanhasanudin0304@mail.ugm.ac.id, yoha[email protected]gm.ac.id,

zuhudahnaffauzi@mail.ugm.ac.id

Correspondence: imanhasanudin0304@mail.ugm.ac.id*

KEYWORDS

ABSTRACT

Organic Waste; Bsf Maggot;

Cultivation; Marketing; Social

Problems

The improper management of organic waste has become a serious

issue in Murtigading Village, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Black soldier fly

(BSF) maggot cultivation offers an efficient solution for

decomposing organic waste. However, the marketing of BSF

maggots remains a challenge due to a lack of community knowledge

and business strategies. This research aims to optimize the

marketing potential of BSF maggots to address both waste

management and social problems in the village. A descriptive

qualitative method was employed, involving interviews, field

surveys, and literature reviews. The study analyzed the strengths,

weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of BSF maggot

marketing, supported by a Pentahelix model that involves

collaboration between the community, government, private sector,

media, and academics. The results show that there is significant

market potential for BSF maggots, with demand from industries in

Surabaya requiring up to 5 tons of maggots per shipment.

Furthermore, marketing through digital platforms like online shops

offers a cost-effective solution for increasing sales, reducing the

reliance on traditional methods. This research concludes that with

improved marketing strategies and support from key stakeholders,

BSF maggot cultivation could become a profitable industry while

solving the village's waste problem.

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Introduction

Waste has become a serious problem along with the increase in population. Indonesia

produces around 2 million tons of waste and is expected to increase to 2.59 million tons by 2030.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 12 are the main points related to waste, namely responsible

consumption and production. SDGs 12 directs each country to implement policies to manage

organic and inorganic waste as a result of residual production (Čičková et al., 2015). In addition,

SDGs 15 regarding the environment, namely maintaining terrestrial ecosystems, is also in harmony

with waste, which with wise waste management can maintain environmental quality. In addition,

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SDGs 17 regarding partnerships to achieve the goals in which implementation in the field requires

integration and cooperation from various authorities (Kusnandar, 2022).

Currently, BSF maggot is the best decomposer of organic waste. However, behind its high

utility, not many have cultivated and been able to market BSF maggot due to the lack of public

interest in BSF maggot (Diener et al., 2011; Hasanah et al., 2023). The Yogyakarta Regional

Environment Agency has indeed provided maggot cultivation training in several areas, one of which

is in Murtigading Village. In fact, it did not work as it should and many stopped not continuing BSF

maggot cultivation after receiving training. People prefer to throw their waste into the private

sector to be disposed of in landfills. The reason is the absence of profit prospects (business) so that

people have difficulty marketing cultivated maggot and the problem of unpleasant odors in BSF

maggot feed (Bapedda DIY, 2022; Dewantoro & Efendi, 2018).

Marketing in the era of globalization that is increasingly accelerating has made marketing

through online media such as online shops an option that is in demand by many people. In addition

to its flexible users, the goods delivered can get to the appropriate destination address. This is

certainly inversely proportional to the conventional method which requires buyers to visit the

location where the desired item is located. In addition to wasting a lot of time, effort, and money, of

course, it is not uncommon to cause disappointment where the desired item is not found (Chakti,

2019).

The high demand for BSF maggot has become an urgency to intensify marketing through

online media. According to an interview with one of BSF's maggot farmers in Yogyakarta, it was

found that one of the industries in Surabaya needs a supply of maggot from Yogyakarta of 5 tons.

This shows that there is still a lot of potential for BSF maggot marketing that can be expanded. In

addition, BSF maggot marketing using online media allows people to sell their maggot without

having to own a store directly, of course this will save capital costs.

Based on the BSF maggot marketing problem that we wrote, Murtigading Village has two

temporary waste shelters that function as shelters and incineration as well as waste processing

sites, especially organic by utilizing BSF maggots. The condition of the existing TPS is decreasing in

quality because the performance of waste processing, especially organic waste by BSF maggots, has

been stopped due to social problems and limitations in the financing and management aspects of

TPS. In addition, the potential role of BSF maggot as a decomposer is not optimally utilized by TPS

managers in Murtigading Village (Nayak et al., 2023). In fact, BSF Maggot has the potential to create

high-profit business opportunities. Thus, the competitiveness and marketability of BSF maggot in

Murtigading Village is constrained and caused by the absence of the BSF maggot marketing

program. Later, the public will gain knowledge of BSF maggot marketing through online media and

advanced processing to increase the selling value of the product to be marketed. So, the community

benefits from the results of the sale of BSF maggot that does not cause odour and the problem of

organic waste that accumulates at the TPS can be solved as a result of increasing public interest in

BSF maggot cultivation.

This paper aims to formulate an effective strategy in overcoming marketing problems in

Murtigading Village, Bantul, related to organic waste through BSF maggot cultivation, providing

counselling on marketing, processing, and cultivating BSF maggot, and recommending an

integration system between partner companies, the government, and the community. The benefits

of this research include increasing social sensitivity and student skills, increasing competence and

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employment for the people of Murtigading Village, as well as providing a basis for the government

to design training and community empowerment programs for the development of BSF maggot

cultivation and efficient marketing strategies.

Materials and Methods

Research Mindset

Figure 1. Research Mindset Scheme

Source: Author's Analysis, 2024

Nature of Research

This research is descriptive, namely data is collected in the form of words, pictures, and not

numbers. The data produced is in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was

collected from interviews with residents and persons in charge of Bumi Murtigading Village,

Sanden, Bantul, while secondary data was obtained through journal analysis related to the purpose

of writing, namely optimizing the marketing of BSF maggots.

Survey to Murtigading

Village, Bantul.

Observing the condition of

polling stations in

Miyungan and

Pucanganom I village areas

Conduct a Mini-

Questionnaire

Interview

Counseling

Output: Programs

Community, government,

partner and academic

engagement

Monitoring and

Evaluation

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Data Collection Methods

The selected data collection method is as follows:

1. Interview: conducted on all residents and one person in charge of Bumi Desa in Murtigading

Village.

Figure 2. Documentation of Interviews with Residents and PJ Bumi Desa

Source: Author's Documentation, 2024

2. Field survey and documentation: taking pictures of the polling station in Murtigading Village.

Figure 3. Cross-section of TPS Pucanganom 1 (Left) and TPS Mayungan, Murtigading (Right)

Source: Author's Documentation, 2024

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Analysis Methods

SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is a method to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in social

problems in Murtigading Village.

Figure 4. SWOT Analysis Source: Author's Analysis, 2024

Pentahelix Diagram Analysis

A pentahelix diagram is a model that describes cooperation between five elements of

stakeholders in planning. The pentahelix collaboration aims to support joint innovation, namely

advancing the socio-economic potential of the region (Syahbudi, 2021). The synergy of the five

elements is academics, the community, the government, the media, and the private sector. The

pentahelix diagram formulated to optimize the marketing potential of BSF maggot in Murtigading

Village is shown as follows.

Figure 5. Pentahelix Diagram Analysis

Source: Author's Analysis, 2024

Results and Discussions

Murtigading Village is administratively located in Sanden District, Bantul Regency, Special

Region of Yogyakarta. Murtigading Village has an area of 4.38 km² or 18.91% of the total area of

Sanden District, which for every 23.16 km² consists of 18 villages and 75 RTs. The population is

8,431 people with a population density of 1,925 per km². The majority of the residents of

Murtigading Village work as farmers and farm labourers. In addition to being one of the places close

to tourist destinations in Yogyakarta, Murtigading Village is also one of the areas that has started to

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integrate waste structurally properly and the utilization of organic waste into products that have

useful value (Salamah et al., 2022).

The role of BumDes in managing waste in Murtigading Village is very important. As a result

of the closure of the Piyungan Landfill, Murtigading Village has anticipated by making a TPS based

on homemade incinerators. However, the influence of the smoke is a further problem. BSF maggots

are very suitable, if applied in these cases. However, it has not been carried out comprehensively to

the community. The BumDes of Murtigading Village has only been studying BSF maggot cultivation

independently for about two months and has not yet run because it has not benefited from BSF

maggot cultivation, so the BumDes has not been able to spread knowledge for BSF maggot

cultivation to the community before getting profits.

When maggots consume different types of organic waste, the maggot's digestive enzymes

convert organic matter into simpler forms. This process is called catabolism (Alvarez et al., 2019).

Organic waste tends to be short-chained so that the nutrients produced are easily digested and

absorbed. After going through the digestive process, the organic matter that has been digested is

then converted into pupa, which can be reused as organic fertilizer or can be used as animal feed.

So that later the maggot that has been harvested can be processed first or marketed directly and

organic waste that is usually only thrown into the landfill and then accumulates causing unhealthy

environmental pollution can reduce its volume (Julita et al., 2020; Lee et al., 2018).

The problem of organic waste causes various kinds of impacts that threaten the

environment, such as methane gas which is a greenhouse gas that contributes to the climate. In

addition, organic waste that accumulates so that it produces methane gas can cause respiratory

diseases of people living around the garbage pile and can threaten the economy of the surrounding

community due to the unpleasant smell.

Table 1. SWOT Analysis Results

Strengths

Weaknesses

Opportunities

S-O Strategy

The increase in the cultivation of BSF

maggot by the community which will

later be processed to improve product

quality and marketed through online

marketing to expand market reach in

order to meet the high demand for BSF

maggot

W-O Strategy

The high demand for BSF maggot can be

used by the community as an additional

income field through maggot cultivation so

that later the government can provide more

possible support in continuous training

programs or equipment assistance

Threats

S-T Strategy

The community can practice the

knowledge from the author's team for

good BSF maggot cultivation so that

organic waste for

W-T Strategy

Government necessary to

optimize support for the community to

cultivate BSF maggots properly so that they

do not

BSF maggot feed does not cause

unpleasant odors and in order to

produce quality BSF maggot products so

that the smooth marketing of maggot can

increase additional income of the

community

causing a foul smell in order to increase

people's desire for maggot cultivation so

that organic waste that often accumulates

into pollution in TPS/TPA can reduce its

volume

Source: Author's Analysis, 2024

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Table 2. Results of Pentahelix Diagram Analysis

No.

Stakeholder

Role

Community

a. Participatory planning and implementation = The community

received direction from the government to develop a BSF maggot

marketing planning process by involving the participation of the

Murtigading community and its implementation.

b. Policy evaluation = The subject as well as the object affected by

government policies in the implementation of the BSF maggot

marketing strategy so that it needs to be assessed/evaluated for the

sustainability of the program.

Government

a. Counseling = The results of recommendations and inventions from

academics and the private sector, the government is the main actor

who goes directly to the Murtigading community to provide BSF

maggot marketing management teaching.

b. Empowerment = Facilitation of implementative practices for the

community with funds from the development budget and regional

expenditure.

c. Assistance = Responsible for supervising and assisting the

community so that the program is on target.

Policy regulator = The process of setting formal policies for the

direction of BSF's maggot marketing optimization program.

d. Policy regulator = The process of setting formal policies for the

direction of BSF's maggot marketing optimization program.

Private

a. Increasing financial income = Earning profits from private third

parties that will help in handling economic resources for program

implementation.

b. Initiation of marketing ideas = Innovation of private

companies/businesses in the novelty of marketing optimization is

needed.

c. Increasing financial income = Earning profits from private third

parties that will help in handling economic resources for program

implementation.

d. Initiation of marketing ideas = Innovation of private

companies/businesses in the novelty of marketing optimization is

needed.

Media

a. Publication of marketing information = Implementation of branding

regarding the marketing potential of BSF maggot in Murtigading

Village so that the outside community knows and is affected.

b. Communication network = Liaison/connection in the process of

delivering public policies to the community so that social problems

can be solved.

c. Marketplace = Utilization of digital mass media as a marketing place

for BSF maggot to increase the attractiveness of potential

buyers/customers.

Academy

a. Marketing model innovation recommendations = Distribution of the

implementation of scientific fields for the benefit of the Murtigading

community in optimizing the marketing potential of BSF maggots,

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especially animal husbandry, economics, and business management.

b. Empowerment = Together with the government to empower the

potential of BSF maggot in Murtigading Village.

c. Assistance = Together with the government to assist the community

in the implementation of the program to optimize the marketing

potential of BSF maggot in Murtigading Village.

Source: Author's Analysis, 2024

SWOT Analysis Discussion

The SWOT table in the appendix's analysis shows that BSF maggot has the potential to be a

long-term solution for processing organic waste. However, to optimize the marketing potential of

BSF maggots, a comprehensive approach to overcoming weaknesses and threats is necessary.

Educating the public and strong branding can increase market demand. Adequate infrastructure

and strategic partnerships will also support business growth.

Discussion of Pentahelix Diagram Analysis

From the analysis of the pentahelix diagram, it can be found that the relationship and

cooperation between five stakeholders in planning the BSF maggot marketing optimization

program in Murtigading Village, Sanden, Bantul can be found. The results of the synergy of the roles

of each stakeholder can increase the probability of success of the marketing program. The

collaboration strategy of the five stakeholders, namely the community, government, the private

sector, the media, and academics, can be detailed through the table in the appendix.

Using BSF maggots for organic waste management offers a dual solution to environmental

and economic challenges. Several studies have emphasized the efficacy of BSF maggots in

decomposing organic waste efficiently. Banks & Lo (2023) argue that BSF larvae can reduce organic

waste by up to 50%, transforming it into valuable biomass that can be used as animal feed or

compost. This supports the argument that BSF maggot cultivation not only mitigates environmental

harm but also provides economic benefits through by-products like animal feed and fertilizers.

The market potential for BSF maggots is another critical aspect to consider. According to

Thapa & Schlegel (2021), the demand for sustainable and alternative protein sources for animal

feed is growing rapidly, driven by the rising costs of traditional protein feeds like soybean and

fishmeal. This aligns with the high demand observed in Surabaya for BSF maggots, which can reach

up to 5 tons per shipment. Such figures highlight the commercial viability of BSF maggot cultivation

as a profitable business model in the context of sustainable development.

However, the success of this model hinges on community involvement and multi-

stakeholder collaboration. As noted by Meijer & Baumber (2024), sustainable business models,

particularly in the global South, require strong partnerships between communities, governments,

and private enterprises to thrive. This observation underscores the importance of the Pentahelix

model applied in this study, which integrates the roles of community members, government, media,

private partners, and academics. Through this model, each stakeholder plays a crucial role in

ensuring the success of BSF maggot marketing and sustainability.

One of the primary challenges identified in this study is the lack of awareness and education

among local communities regarding BSF maggot cultivation and marketing. Wang et al. (2020)

argue that community education and capacity-building programs are essential for the long-term

success of sustainable waste management initiatives. This is particularly relevant for Murtigading

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Village, where more comprehensive outreach and training programs are needed to empower

residents to engage in maggot cultivation and capitalize on its economic potential.

In summary, the findings of this research indicate that BSF maggot cultivation can be a

highly effective solution for both waste management and economic development, provided that

there is adequate community involvement and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The arguments

presented by previous studies reinforce the idea that a well-structured approach, incorporating

both market strategies and educational initiatives, is necessary for long-term success in this sector.

Conclusion

BSF maggot has immense potential in processing organic waste, enhancing the quality of

animal feed, serving as compost, and boosting the immune system of livestock. To optimize

cultivation and ensure the sustainability of maggot marketing, it is crucial to align with Sustainable

Development Goals (SDGs) 12, 15, and 17, while also supporting the local economy, given the high

market demand for BSF maggots. Through community counselling on cultivation and marketing,

and integration between the community, partners, and government, this study shows that, with the

right strategy, BSF maggots can address not only organic waste issues but also provide significant

social benefits by increasing community income in a sustainable circular economy model. Based on

the analysis, the authors recommend the following: (1) The Murtigading community should

increase participatory involvement in programs initiated by the government and stakeholders; (2)

The local government should enhance cooperation by providing necessary facilities and supporting

policies for the social and economic welfare of the community; (3) The private sector should

strengthen its role in assisting the BSF maggot marketing program until successful implementation

is achieved; (4) The media should continuously update and evaluate marketing strategies to ensure

the program's success; and (5) Academics should increase research interventions that empower

communities through effective collaboration..

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