Vol. 5, No. 8, August 2024

E-ISSN: 2723-6692

P-ISSN: 2723-6595

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains, Vol. 5, No. 8, August 2024 2104

KEYWORDS

ABSTRACT

Word Meaning Relations;

Editorial; Sindo Newspaper

News in the form of editorial texts or headlines in the Sindo

Newspaper on semantic meaning relations. This study aims to

describe the variety of word-meaning relationships in the editorial

text of the April 2023 edition of the Sindo Newspaper. This study

uses a descriptive qualitative method with text analysis research.

The data of this study are words and phrases in sentences in the

headline that show the relationship of meaning. The words and

phrases in question are the words and phrases contained in the

news content. The data source for this research is the headline in the

April 2023 edition of the online-based Sindo Newspaper. The data

collection technique in this study uses documentation and literature

study techniques. Based on data analysis, various word-meaning

relationships were obtained in the form of synonyms, antonyms,

hyponyms, hyponyms, economies, metonyms, polysemia,

collocation, and redaction.

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)

1. Introduction

Mass media's important role is in increasing literacy at the individual, community, and state

institution levels to build collective awareness. News media serve as both a forum and tool for mass

communication, embodying the principle of openness. In the digital era, which is so fast in conveying

information. Information is rampant, and maintaining the credibility of the mass media is becoming

an increasingly difficult challenge (Pickard, 2019).

The type of news referred to in this study is editorial text. Editorial text is also called headline.

According to Kosasih (2014), the headline is a text in mass media that expresses the views of the

media concerned with the problems that exist in society—agreeing with Djuroto's statement (2002,

p 7) in (Firmstone, 2019; Rafiq, 2016) that the headline is the attitude, view, or opinion of the

publisher towards the issues that are being discussed by the public. Editorial text is written as facts

and opinions by newspaper publishers and media editors. Editorial text is a series of sentences or

paragraphs that respond to events or phenomena happening in society more wisely, objectively, and

Word Meaning Relations in Sindo Newspaper Editorial Text

Diah Zuikaningsih, Prihadi, Teguh Setiawan

Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Email: diahzuikaningsih.2022@student.uny.ac.id, [email protected], te[email protected]c.id

Correspondence: diahzuikaningsih.20[email protected].ac.id

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logically. Discussions with the latest themes, hot news, and viral that are being highlighted by the

public. Writings that contain responses and attitudes from media editors are called headlines. The

creation of editorial articles in various mass media aims to respond to essential issues circulating in

the community, inviting readers, exposing the material to be discussed, helping readers better

understand the current situation, and providing constructive opinions and suggestions.

Halliday and Hasan (in Mulyana, 2004, p 31) (Mandia, 2017) stated that the structure of

discourse is not something related to syntax but a semantic structure, namely sentence semantics that

contains propositions. So, a set of sentences in discourse can be considered if they have a meaningful

relationship between one sentence and another. Given the importance of the relationship of meaning

contained in discourse, this study chooses an online-based Sindo Newspaper, especially editorial texts

or headlines, as a source of research data. The reason for choosing Koran Sindo as a data source is

that the daily newspaper published in Jakarta was first published on June 29, 2005. "Sindo" stands for

the name of the previous news program on RCTI, namely Seputar Indonesia, according to a report

issued by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism and the University of Oxford in 2021. Koran

Sindo is the most trusted media by the public, with a trust score of 9%. The distribution target of

Koran Sindo is significant cities throughout Indonesia, and it has the processing of 336,000 readers—

newspapers with affordable and cheap prices for local people and easily accessible to online media.

Meaning relations or meaning relationships are the relationship of meaning between one form

of language and another. The relationship of meaning in the concept of discourse has a position

similar to coherence. According to Tarigan (2009), coherence also contains the meaning of

'relationship' of the meaning or content of a sentence. In written discourse, the meaning between

sentences of a paragraph will be solid and can be conveyed well if they are interconnected.

In the literature review found by the author, several studies of semantic relations focus on inter-

ideas in the headline, such as research by Habibi & Martutik (2019) titled "Meaning Relations between

Ideas in the Headline of Kompas Daily Articles." The research discusses the variety and principles of

meaning relationships between ideas contained in the January 2019 edition of the Kompas daily

headline. In addition, a study on song lyrics by Herman Wijaya and Laila Sufi Wartini (2019) entitled

"Relation of Meaning in the Lyrics of the Song of Struggle Nahdatul Wathan by TGKH. M. Zainuddin

Abdul Majid (Semantic Studies)." Furthermore, a study of semantic relations that focuses on the

speeches of public officials, namely the minister of education by Semantics Nico Harared and Irfan

Hadi (2021) entitled "The Narrative of Nadiem Makarim's Speech on National Teacher's Day 2019: A

Study of Relations". In this study, the author will provide something different. The author will discuss

the study of semantic relations in editorial texts or headlines in the Sindo Newspaper.

In addition, previous research has also found forms of meaningful relationships. The meaning

relations in question are meaning relations between clauses in sentences, meaning relations between

sentences, and meaning relations between sentences. In this study, the researcher focuses on the

meaning relationship between sentences in this research paragraph, called the meaning relationship.

Therefore, this research can be more focused on a narrower level. I also look for various meaningful

relationships in the headlines of Sindo's daily articles.

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2. Materials and Methods

This research project aims to describe the variations and principles of word meaning relations

in the Koran Sindo headlines. In alignment with this objective, the subjects to be described are the

variations of word-meaning relations and the principles of word-meaning relations in Sindo's daily

headlines. Accordingly, this research employs a descriptive qualitative approach and methodology.

The rationale for employing a qualitative approach is as follows: (1) The researcher serves as a

primary instrument for data collection and analysis through document study, examining the nuances

of word meanings, phrases, and clauses in Koran Sindo headlines; (2) The data set for this research

comprises words and/or phrases within sentences in headlines, illustrating meaning relationships;

(3) The data source for this research is the April 2023 online edition of Koran Sindo headlines. This

type of research is text analysis, which emphasizes the analysis of written materials such as books,

online newspapers, articles, and the like. The data collection techniques employed in this study were

documentation and literature study. According to Sukmadinata (2010, p. 221) (Fitriya & Latif, 2022), a

documentary study represents a data collection technique. In contrast, a literature study constitutes

data collection involving reading, recording, and managing research materials. The data analysis

method utilized in this research was a flow model comprising the stages of data collection, data

reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.

3. Result and Discussion

The discussion in this study was carried out concurrently and pertained to the relationship of

meaning, including antonyms, synonyms, polysemes, hyponyms/hyponyms, and redundancy. This

discussion was based on an analysis of a specific newspaper article, "KPK Internal Noise in the Middle

of the RAT Case," by Bastian and published in the Sindo Newspaper on April 12, 2023. The research

yielded several findings regarding the meaning relationships and theoretical alignments embedded

within the selected words, phrases, and clauses. The author selected the editorial text or headline for

analysis due to its significance in the linguistic landscape, particularly within the context of politics.

Consequently, a comprehensive investigation into its semantic aspects is imperative. The ensuing

section presents the study's findings on the semantic relationships embedded within the news article

published on April 12, 2023, in the Sindo Newspaper.

1. Synonyms

In the editorial text in the Sindo Newspaper, the researcher found 5 data with the same

meaning or synonym. Data (1) is found in the first sentence, namely the word [noise], which

means fight, and in the third sentence, namely the word [chaos], which means noise. The word

[noise] in the 1st sentence has a basic word, namely [rowdy], which means riot; the words

[rowdy] and [riot] have the same meaning because the word means riot due to a fight. Data (2)

is found in the 3rd sentence [anti-corruption agency] and the 1st sentence [KPK scope], which

can be interpreted as the same anti-corruption institution or agency. Data (3) is found in the 4th

sentence and 3rd sentence, namely in the words [controversy] and [conflict]. The words

[controversy] and [conflict] have the same meaning, which is a form of contentious activity. Then

the data (4) is found in the 32nd sentence, namely the words [stamina] and [strength]. The data

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has the same meaning: a person's endurance and physical energy at work. Data (5) is found in

the 16th sentence of the word [chairman], which is synonymous with [leader].

2. Antonym

Several words are opposite or antonymous in the title of the Sindo article above, namely

(1) found in the 3rd sentence. The word [weakening] means to do weakening, and the antonym

relationship is found in the 28th sentence, meaning sleep, while the word [strength] means

energy. Data (2) of the words [pro] and [con] are reflected in the 24th sentence, which has

antonyms; the meaning relationship between two words with antonyms is two-way. Data (3) is

found in the 25th sentence of the word [direct] antonym with [indirect]. Data (4) is found in

sentence (21) in the word [complete] anonymized with [stalled]. Data (5) is found in the 22nd

sentence of the word [conducive] with antonyms [not conducive].

Uniformity has a uniform root word that means the same, and diversity, which has a

diverse root word that means not the same and is assorted, are also antonyms. Other data, such

as today and tomorrow, start with those with the initial root word and end with the final root

word.

3. Hyponyms and Hypnosis

Suppose the relationship between antonyms and synonyms is a two-way relationship. In

that case, the relationship between hyponyms and hypnosis is unidirectional, as seen in the

editorial below: in the 3rd and 4th sentences, the word [public] means the public (public) and

[attention]. Thus, the word [public] in the 3rd above is hypnotized with the word [attention] in

the 12th sentence, but the word [attention] is not hypotonic to the word [public] because the

word [public] encompasses the whole. The word [public] includes; public attention, public

spaces, etc. So, if the word [attention] is hypotonic to the word [public], then the word [public] is

hypothetical to public attention, public space, etc. The next data in the 3rd and 22nd sentences is

on the words [conflict], [chaos], [circles], [anger] with the word [internal].

In the 12th sentence, namely;

It even has the potential to become more violent than lizard vs crocodile conflicts in the past.

The hypnotic of the word [reptile] to the hyponym [crocodile] and the word [lizard]. Both

words include hyponyms and hyponyms. In the sentence above, using the words [crocodile] and

[lizard] in the lexical meaning is a type of animal. However, in the discourse of the Sindo

Newspaper, it is identified metaphorically and sarcastically the behavior of the officials involved

in the case is associated with animal behavior.

4. Polisemi

Data that has more than one meaning (polysemia) in the newspaper above is found in the

15th and 16th sentences, namely the word [removed] as in the quote below:

Endar was removed because his term of service from the National Police ended on March 31,

2023.

The word [removed] above means to be dismissed, which in its true meaning is to be

released or revoked. The bond that is released (1) is the actual meaning or that corresponds to

the reference or also the lexical meaning of the word [remove] itself. Then dismissed from his

position and not fired (2) is a meaning that develops into a separate meaning to declare a

position. In addition to the word [removed] above, the words [explode], [hunt] and [puddle] are

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found in sentences (4) and (25). Exploding means making a very loud sound (KBBI). Hunting

means looking for or chasing animals. Pubaran means clear, colorless, and odorless liquid (KBBI).

It is found in the 7th sentence with the word [megascandal] and the word [superjumpo]. The data

in the 28th sentence of the word [chole], the word [perjeckokolan], and the 31st sentence in the

word [hands]. The use of the word has more than one meaning intended in the context of the

headline. The sentences that include polysemia are

There is a smell of a hidden mission behind Brigadier General ENdar's removal, which means

that Frili is now directly facing the institution of the National Police.

… The KPK can "gaspol" overcome the black fog behind the RAT case, which will be difficult

to fulfill.

… but now they are held hostage by internal conflicts, which will be a blessing for those

unhappy when the KPK opens the veil behind the RAT case.

Alternatively, rather, this is part of an effort by invisible hands to obscure the direction of the

completion of the Rp349 trillion mega scandal...

5. Meronym

Meronym is a relationship between the meaning of inclusiveness and the meaning of a part

of the whole. In this study, data showed the category of meronymies, which means relationships.

Based on this data, the relationship of meaning found in the April 2023 edition of Koran Sindo is

an integral part of the whole, has a functional motivation, and has a conformity that includes

phases and types. The data on the meaning relationship in the 6th and 8th sentences include the

meaning relationship of the functional motivational part. In this data, the word criminal is a

consonant of the law, LAW: CRIMINAL. In addition to criminal, there is also civil, so the law is a

superordinate of criminal and civil, LAW: CRIMINAL, CIVIL. Functional motivation is important

for parts with vague and inseparable characteristics (Djajasudarma, 2016, p. 122; González Rey,

2015).

The word criminal refers to a part of the law that Habibihat handles in criminal cases, such

as corruption, murder, etc. Based on the data in the sentence, the Ministry of Finance

environment is postponing the investigation of alleged criminal law violators, even though the

delay can be detrimental to the community.

6. Metonymy

Metonymy, according to Suparto (2015), is a form of symbolic expression used by language

speakers in their everyday language. This is related to using a lingual unit to refer to other things

as a reference. Metonymy is considered similar to hyponymy; that is, both have a hierarchical

meaning relationship. However, the methodology does not imply unidirectional involvement.

The meaning of the relationship here can be analogized, such as "A is part of B." An example of

metonymy can be found in washing as a cleaning activity; money means a means of payment

transactions.

Metonymy, according to Suparto (2015), is a form of symbolic expression often used by

language speakers in their everyday language. This is related to using a lingual unit to refer to

other things as a reference. One example of such a methodology can be seen in its use. The word

case investigator can be associated with a KPK investigator. The word law enforcement is a

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symbol of the police and prosecutors. From this illustration, it appears that the metonymic

expression is referential.

7. Collocation

According to Hartono in Anggraeni (2018), collocation is elements that have the same

semantic network and appear regularly in a discourse. Collocation, as a combination of several

words based on an unwritten agreement, becomes a match. The combination of these words can

be verbs (KK) + nouns (KB), nouns (KB) + nouns (KB), nouns (KB) + adjectives (KS) and so on.

The data contained in the Sindo Newspaper for the word collocation is the leak of documents.

Leakage refers to a perforated roof used in an activity, such as leaking questions, documents, and

funds. In addition, in the 11th and 13th sentences, the words masa are used along with the words

past, the period of duty, and the future. The word masa means time, when, and when—said the

residents side by side. Integrity always goes hand in hand with high. Said the people side by side

with corruptors.

8. Redudansi

The term redundancy or excessive meaning in the headline of the Sindo Newspaper above

is found in the 2nd sentence, namely: "What happened? Is this all part of the scenario?..." The

word [what or whether] in the sentence is considered an exaggerated word because even if the

word [what] is omitted, it will not change the headline's meaning.

4. Conclusion

Based on the findings and discussions that have been submitted, it can be concluded that the

use of meaning relations in the headline of the Sindo Newspaper, at the semantic level, the apparent

meaning relations are the use of synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, hyponyms, metonyms,

polynomials, meronyms, collocations and reductions. It can be said that the title of this article was

conveyed with the same intention and purpose. The title of the Sindo Newspaper also contains the

use of certain meaning relationships. Based on the data obtained, the headline uses eight semantic

relations types: synonymy, antonymy, metonymy, polysemy, hyponymy, hyponym, meronym, reduce,

and collocation. The existence of this writing can give the view that semantic enrichment is important

for meaning in an editorial text. It is hoped that there will be many similar studies with different

objects and data in the future to make semantic research more prosperous.

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