Vol. 5, No. 8, August 2024

E-ISSN: 2723-6692

P-ISSN: 2723-6595

http://jiss.publikasiindonesia.id/

Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains, Vol. 5, No. 8, August 2024 2120

KEYWORDS

ABSTRACT

Enterprise Architecture;

TOGAF ADM; Information

System Architecture;

Migration Planning;

Operational Efficiency

This research aims to design an enterprise architecture at SMA

Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung using the TOGAF ADM framework. This

research involves several phases: Preliminary Phase, Architecture

Vision, Business Architecture, Information System Architecture, and

Opportunities and Solutions. In the Preliminary phase, the

objectives and benefits of architectural development are

determined to meet the needs of the school, including the new

student enrollment system and network structure. The Architecture

Vision phase describes the organization's profile, vision and mission,

as well as the current state of architecture. Business Architecture

analyzes key business processes using the value chain, including

student admission, teaching and learning activities, and student

release. Information System Architecture develops data and

application architectures to support business vision and

architecture. The Opportunities and Solutions phase identifies

opportunities for information technology development to improve

school operational efficiency. The results show that the

implementation of TOGAF ADM can provide systematic and

comprehensive guidance in designing enterprise architecture that

suits the needs of schools.

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)

1. Introduction

The rapid development of technology today, especially information technology and information

systems, has led to a significant change in the role of the organization's business processes and

effectively affects the organization's efficiency. With the rapid development of information

technology almost bringing a new era to the world faster than ever before, it is likely that this

technological development will bring changes in many aspects of life parts. Information technology

systems have undergone many changes, causing a change in the role of IT systems themselves,

starting with their role in helping organizations become better and more efficient and efficient.

Strategic Planning of Information Technology Architecture in

Schools Using The Open Group Architect Framework (TOGAF)

Case Study: SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung

M Ulil Absor, Sutedi

Institut Informatika dan Bisnis Darmajaya, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

Email: m.absor.2021211022@mail.darmajaya.ac.id, sutedi@darmajaya.ac.id

Correspondence: m.absor.2021211022@mail.darmajaya.ac.id

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State High School (SMAN) 15 Bandar Lampung is one of the schools that utilizes SI/IT to

support its operations. However, the use of SI/IT in these schools has not been integrated and is less

efficient. There are several business processes at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung, including: (Dores

et al., 2019) new student admission, academic administration, financial administration, human

resource management, and laboratory management. The information system at SMA Negeri 15

Bandar Lampung is currently intended for certain groups, including students and teachers, as well as

educators and related education staff, during teaching and learning activities at SMA Negeri 15

Bandar Lampung. However, related to the information system not only now but currently, in the

future, the need for an information system must be taken into account will be more comprehensive

and reliable so all school information systems can be centrally integrated both at the Education Office

for the Provincial level and the Ministry of Education and Culture for the National level. The SI/IT

architecture planning used to support the business process at the school has not been done correctly.

Therefore, strategic planning is needed to design an architecture that can harmonize the

organization's business processes with existing SI/IT developments.

3 reasons show the importance of strategic planning, namely 1) the availability of a framework

basis, 2) providing ease in understanding the form of planning, and 3) this is the beginning for the

understanding and activities of managers and organizations to be assessed. Several researchers have

studied an organization's strategic planning to increase its productivity by applying SI/IT. According

to reference (Fadli & Sa’adati, 2019), SI/IT planning requires a framework used in planning,

designing, and managing SI/IT infrastructure known as enterprise architecture (EA) (Gunawan &

Sutedja, 2018; Proenca & Borbinha, 2017). The term is among the ways that can realize a complete,

logical picture of the organization, which includes the business architecture of the organization, the

data architecture that will be used, the application architecture that will be built, and the technology

architecture that will later support the running of the application. According to Prasetyo (2021) many

alternative frameworks, such as Zachman Framework, EAP, EAS, BEAM, TOGAF ADM (Buckl et al.,

2009; de Fatima Gusmao & Setyohadi, 2017; Palupi et al., 2018), GEAF, and others, can be used.

However, it is necessary to select and determine the right and most suitable framework to be applied

in making an SI/IT strategic planning model to support the running of the applications needed by

SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung.

In this case, it can be concluded that a framework or framework can be used to determine the

scope of an information system architecture. framework or framework, TOGAF-ADM can be the right

solution because TOGAF, in addition to a framework, can also provide process stages used in

enterprise modeling and can also be used in designing architectural designs needed to build

information systems at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung. The term is among the ways that can realize

a complete, logical picture of the organization, which includes the business architecture of the

organization, the data architecture that will be used, the application architecture that will be built,

and the technology architecture that will later support the running of the application (Nirma & Sutedi,

2020).

Enterprise Architecture (EA) is seen as a logical, comprehensive, and holistic approach to

simultaneously defining, designing, and implementing systems and system components. In the

implementation of EA, it is necessary to adopt methods/frameworks that can be used as an example

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for complex system management. According to Prasetyo (2021), many alternative frameworks, such

as Zachman Framework, EAP, EAS, BEAM, TOGAF ADM, GEAF, and others, can be used, many

alternative frameworks can be used, such as Zachman Framework, EAP, EAS, BEAM, TOGAF ADM,

GEAF, and others. However, it is necessary to select and determine the right and most suitable

framework to be applied in making an SI/IT strategic planning model to support the running of the

applications needed by SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung.

Infrastructure reduction is carried out by limiting the scope consisting of the initial six phases

of TOGAF ADM, which include preliminary, architecture vision, business architecture, information

systems architectures, technology architecture, opportunities, and solutions. The output of this

research is in the form of a Blueprint for Strategic Planning of Information Technology Architecture

at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung in the development of information technology (IT) that can be

used by SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung as a guideline in the implementation of its IT development

(Soares & Styohady, 2014).

The discussion in this study is limited to the following scope: Analyze the overall business needs

of the general business by aligning the school's strategy. Developing a valid architectural concept for

information systems meets the needs of everyone involved in the school. It has a value-added benefit

for the school as a blueprint for developing information systems.

2. Materials and Methods

This research involves several stages of data collection using observation and interviews. The

stages of the research carried out include: a) Planning: Planning and conducting research, including

problem identification and literature studies. b) Data Collection: Collecting data through literature

studies, observations, and interviews. c) Analysis: Conducting Value Chain analysis and Gap Analysis.

d) Architecture Design: Designing SI/IT architecture using the TOGAF framework and ADM methods

from the Preliminary Phase to Migration and Planning (Matheus Edward et al., 2014).

Data Collection Stage

The data collection stage in this study aims to meet the data needs needed to achieve the

research objectives. The stages of data collection include:

a. Data Collection Techniques:

1. Observation: Direct observation of the SI/IT system at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung,

including its utilization and related data collection.

2. Interview: Direct questions to principals and teachers about SI/IT at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar

Lampung.

b. Primary Data and Secondary Data:

1. Primary Data: Direct data from the SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung research object and

interview results.

2. Secondary Data: Data from books, e-books, scientific journals, and internet sources relevant

to the research topic.

c. Data Processing Stage: Data is processed from SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung, including the

Organizational Structure and stakeholder duties for SI/IT design.

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Analysis Stage

This stage involves design analysis using TOGAF ADM as an architectural framework. The

stages include: Value Chain Framework Analysis: The author analyzes the current conditions related

to SI/IT at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung using primary data from interviews and related

documents. Gap Analysis: After analyzing the current state of SI/IT, a Gap Analysis compares the

current SI/IT architecture with the planned target architecture (Kurniawan & Suhardi, 2013;

Osadhani et al., 2019).

3. Result and Discussion

This chapter contains the analysis carried out in SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung for enterprise

architecture (EA) design by applying TOGAF ADM. The process comprises the preliminary phase,

phase requirement management, architecture vision, phase business architecture, information

system architecture, technology architecture, and opportunities and solutions (Rukoyah et al., 2019).

Preliminary Phase

In this phase, determine the goals and benefits of building an architecture enterprise according

to the school's needs Framework Togaf; this is done so that there are no mistakes in designing

architecture that does not meet the needs, and then an initial review is carried out at the school first

(Agarina, 2015). As a result of the initial review conducted at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung, there

are several essential points; the following are ones that will be designed from the important points:

1) Redesigning the registration system for new SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung students.

2) Merancang arsitektur aplikasi yang dapat melakukan pertukaran informasi yang berupa media

publikasi mulai dari pengumuman sekolah dan berita terbaru di sekolah jauh lebih mudah

diperoleh.

3) Improving the Academic Information System at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung.

4) Designing a network structure (LAN) and utilizing the school's local server in SMA Negeri 15

Bandar Lampung to make it easier for students, teachers, and employees to connect to the

Internet and local networks more easily and quickly to obtain information related to the school.

5) Storing data securely because all student, teacher, and employee data is stored in the database.

Once the framework is ready, the next step is to determine the principles that will be used to

describe the principles that will be used in the design of the enterprise architecture as follows

Phase An Architecture Vision

This stage's content explains architecture's needs, including the organizational profile,

description of vision and mission, organizational goals, and ongoing architectural conditions.

Phase B: Business Architecture

This phase includes business processes using value chains and relationship matrices in business

processes with organizations. The main activities include new student admissions, teaching and

learning activities, and student release. The value chain is used to define business areas.

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Phase C: Information System Architecture

In this phase, data architecture and application architecture development is carried out to support

vision architecture and business architecture.

1. Data entities include new student admissions, teaching and learning activities, student releases,

student affairs, employee attendance, mail and archive administration, finance, infrastructure,

and libraries.

2. Class Diagrams: Class diagrams describe a group of entities, attributes, and relationships that

define a conceptual model. This diagram is an essential component in the design of information

system architecture, as it helps visualize the data structure and relationships between entities

that are relevant to school operations

Figure 1 Class Diagram

3. Architecture Application

This stage defines the business process with the symbols create (C), update (U), and reference

(R) for each data entity. The applications needed for data and business information management are

defined using data-oriented planning matrices and functions. Data usage groups that make specific

data form a group of application candidates.

Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions

This stage identifies opportunities and solutions in architecture development, focusing on

implementing information technology to support school needs and improve operational efficiency.

1. Network Architecture

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SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung already has networks connecting the internet between labs,

classrooms, offices, and business managers (Ibrahim & Nurpulaela, 2016). To create this architecture

development system, several additions and changes are needed in this network to facilitate data

exchange starting from local and non-local data. The following network design is presented in Figure

Figure 2 Network Design of SMA 15 Bandar Lampung

2. Software Proposed

Several software applications support the design of the architecture.

Table 1 Software Proposals

Archive

Administratio

n Information

System

(SIASA)

Mail Management Application

AS_5.1

Archive Management

Applications

AS_5.2

System

Admission

Information

New Students

(SIPSB)

New Student Registration

Application

AS_1.1

Phase V

Application for Exam Selection

Implementation

AS_1.2

Application for Announcement of

Selection Results

AS_1.3

Re-Registration Application

AS_1.4

Financial

Information

System

School Fee Input Application

AS_6.1

School Budget Preparation

Application

AS_6.2

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Group System

Application package

Code

Application

System

Stages of

Information

System

Development

Budget Evaluation Application

AS_6.3

Infrastructure

Information

System

Inventory App

AS_7.1

Infrastructure Procurement

Application

AS_7.2

Infrastructure Supervision

Application

AS_7.3

4. Conclusion

The conclusion of this study, from the stage of designing the architecture of the information

system to the results of determining the framework used using TOGAF ADM, are as follows. a) The

Information System Architecture at SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung has been well integrated; this is

illustrated by the value chain, including the process of accepting new students, financial systems,

infrastructure facilities, library systems, teaching and learning activities, student release of personnel

systems, letter administration, and archives. b) The TOGAF ADM system architecture that was

successfully submitted as a design consisted of 38 data entities and 41 application candidates that

could be developed to support the learning process in SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung.

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