Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024

E-ISSN: 2723-6692

P-ISSN: 2723-6595

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Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains, Vol. 5, No. 7, July 2024 1650

KEYWORDS

ABSTRACT

Peace Education; Human

Rights; Social Justice

This research aims to examine in depth the role of peace education

in the context of Human Rights (HAM) and social justice, as well as

how its implementation can strengthen human rights understanding

and promote social justice in the midst of the complexity of today's

global challenges. This research uses a qualitative approach with a

focus on literature studies to identify the role of peace education in

strengthening human rights understanding and promoting social

justice. The results of the study show that peace education not only

serves as an instrument to teach human rights theory, but also to

change the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and society as a

whole. The implications of this research include the importance of

integrating peace values in educational curricula, training for

educators, and building partnerships with civil society to create

more peaceful, just, and inclusive societies.

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)

1. Introduction

The ideas of human rights emerged in response to the absolute domination of kings and feudal

lords over the people they led or the people they employed in the 17th and 18th centuries (Abdillah,

2015). Society then was divided into two major groups: the minority group at the top, who had rights,

and the majority group at the bottom, who had obligations (Fadhli, 2013; Fahri, 2015; Saf, 2018). This

response to injustice resulted in the idea of improving the status and social position of the lower

group with the emergence of the concepts of equality, brotherhood and freedom, given that the lower

group is also human (Ikrom, 2013; Musa, 2014).

The general principles on human rights declared by the United Nations General Assembly (UN)

in 1948 are considered standard guidelines in implementing human rights protection for nations

worldwide to this day (Aji, 2018; Dominikus, 2019; Puspitawati, 2012). Violence is often defined as

the deliberate use of force or physical violence that threatens oneself, another person, or a group,

causing injury, physical harm, or even death (Adiati F et al., 2018; Hanif, 2022; Hidayat, 2021; Jaga,

2023; Salsabila et al., 2023; Setiawan et al., 2018).

Peace Education for Justice: Sowing Human Rights Awareness

Andi Akbar Wury

Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Indonesia

Email: keirulukedonia@gmail.com

Correspondence: keirulukedonia@gmail.com

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Recently, more and more students and students have been arrested by security forces for being

involved in drug cases, theft, and other criminal acts (Syaid, 2020; Tarigan, 2017; Zaidan & SH, 2021).

Demonstrations against the policies of educational institutions are no longer limited to the campus

environment. Among high school and even junior high school students, demonstrations are

increasingly rampant, sometimes accompanied by violence (Hariyanti et al., 2020).

The problem that often occurs related is the resistance of several groups or countries to the

concept of peaceful education that integrates human rights values (Hafiz et al., 2024; Jalwis & Habibi,

2019). Some societies may oppose efforts to broaden the understanding of human rights because they

conflict with their cultural or religious values, or because of complex political reasons related to social

interests and control (Hardiman, 2018; Immanuella & Hoesin, 2022).

Relevant research conducted by Kusnadi (2024), shows that education that prioritises peace

with a focus on human rights protection and efforts to achieve social justice has great potential to

form a harmonious and just society. This approach encourages individuals to understand better and

appreciate the importance of human rights and actively contribute to addressing social disparities.

This education is relevant in facing global challenges such as economic inequality and conflict,

enabling individuals to build a more peaceful, just, and sustainable world.

Meanwhile, in Usmi's research (2024), argues that peace education is necessary to build a

culture of peace in Indonesia by preventing intolerance and violent behaviour through values such as

nonviolence, love, compassion, trust, justice, and cooperation. The conceptualization of peace

education aims to change people's values, behaviours, and lifestyles in order to create a sustainable

culture of peace. In the Indonesian context, the importance of tolerance between communities to

create a peaceful, orderly, and harmonious life can be realized through peace education in three areas:

government policies, school institutions, family/community, and curriculum.

This research makes a new contribution by integrating the concept of peace education with

efforts to strengthen the understanding of human rights and social justice. This approach highlights

the importance of education in addressing inequality and discrimination and identifies peace

education as a solution to promote respect for individual dignity and build a more inclusive and just

society. This research is urgent because it addresses global challenges such as economic inequality,

social conflicts, and increasingly complex violence in various social contexts. With a focus on peace

education, this research emphasises the need for urgent action to form a generation that is more

aware of human rights and able to contribute to creating global peace.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the role of peace education in strengthening the

understanding and application of human rights concepts and promoting social justice. This research

also aims to identify effective educational strategies for building a peaceful and inclusive society. This

research is expected to benefit developing more inclusive and sustainable education policies. Other

benefits include increasing public awareness of the importance of human rights, reducing the level of

discrimination and social conflict, and creating a more tolerant generation that actively contributes

to realising peace. This study implies that the implementation of peace education can change the

social and political paradigm to achieve a more peaceful and just society. In addition, peace education

can also influence public policy, educational curriculum, and educational practices at the local,

national, and even international levels.

2. Materials and Methods

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This research uses a qualitative approach with a focus on analysing literature studies and

synthesising various relevant perspectives related to peace education, human rights, and social

justice. The qualitative approach was chosen because it allows for an in-depth exploration of these

concepts from both a theoretical and practical point of view. The research design used is a literature

study or literature review. This method allows researchers to collect and evaluate various relevant

sources on peace education, human rights, and social justice from scientific literature, research

reports, and other official publications. The main data for this study are theoretical documents and

research related to peace education, human rights, and social justice. Data sources include scientific

journal articles, textbooks, research reports, government policies related to education and human

rights, as well as official documents from international organisations related to peace and human

rights. Data is collected through systematic and selective searches in academic databases such as

PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and JSTOR. The keywords used include "peace education",

"human rights education", "social justice", "inequality", and "conflict resolution". Relevant secondary

data are also drawn from the annual reports of international organisations such as UNICEF, UNESCO,

and Amnesty International. Data analysis is carried out using a critical synthesis of the collected

information. This approach involves identifying patterns, themes, and key concepts from the

reviewed literature. The analysis also includes a comparison and critical evaluation of various

viewpoints to develop a comprehensive understanding of the role of peace education in strengthening

the understanding of human rights and social justice. The research adheres to the principles of

research ethics, including the recognition of the sources of information used, respect for copyright,

and accuracy in citations and references

3. Result and Discussion

Human Rights

Human Rights are the key to building a just society and a culture of peace. Peace education can

effectively spread knowledge about human rights among the younger generation and the general

public. Through peace education, individuals are not only taught to respect the basic rights of each

individual but also to recognise and address the various forms of discrimination, inequality, and

violence that violate human rights. Implementing the concept of human rights in the peace education

curriculum will ensure that universal values such as human dignity, freedom, equality, and justice

become an integral part of the formation of students' character and attitude to life.

The Concept of Peace Education

The concept of peace education revealed in this study emphasises the importance of building

the ability to understand, manage, and respond to conflicts in a non-violent manner. Peace education

is about teaching conflict resolution techniques and promoting values such as tolerance, empathy,

cooperation, and respect for diversity. In the context of formal education, this can be realised through

the development of structured curricula, interactive learning programs, and extracurricular activities

that reinforce the values of peace. This holistic approach not only engages students in understanding

the complexities of global conflicts but also teaches them to be agents of change in promoting peace

in their communities.

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Peace Education Strategy

The peace education strategies recommended in this study include the integration of peace

values into various aspects of educational life, from the curriculum to the school environment and

extracurricular activities. One of the main strategies is to raise awareness of the importance of peace

education among policymakers, teachers, and parents. This can be achieved through professional

training and development for educators, providing appropriate educational resources, and building

strong partnerships between schools, governments, and civil society. In addition, incorporating peace

education into national education policies is also important to ensure the sustainable adoption and

implementation of this strategy at the national level.

Human Rights in the Context of Peace Education

Peace education in the context of Human Rights aims to strengthen understanding and respect

for human rights values among the younger generation and the general public. In practice, this means

integrating human rights principles into the educational curriculum so that each individual is not only

aware of his or her rights but also respects and promotes the rights of others. Peace education

provides a foundation to teach that human rights are not only a theory but also a practice that must

be applied daily. For example, through learning about discrimination, violence, social inequality, and

how human rights values can address these issues, peace education can change individual attitudes

and behaviours to create a more just and harmonious society.

Implementation of Peace Education in Indonesia

The implementation of peace education in Indonesia faces unique challenges and opportunities.

Key challenges include complex cultural, religious, and ethnic diversity and a history of social conflicts

that must be addressed. To address this, implementation strategies should consider the local context

and such diversity while promoting universal values such as tolerance, respect for diversity, and

peaceful conflict resolution. Some of the implementation steps that can be taken include:

1. Integration in the Curriculum,

Integrate peace and human rights education into existing national curricula by developing

appropriate learning modules for different levels of education.

2. Training for Educators

Conduct professional training and development for teachers and educators to implement peace

education in the classroom and extracurricular activities.

3. Partnerships with Civil Society

Build partnerships with civil society organisations and non-governmental organisations to

support peace education programs at the local level.

4. Supervision and Evaluation

Establish monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure peace education is integrated and

sustainable in Indonesia's education system.

5. Campaigns and Advocacy

Conducting public campaigns and advocacy to raise public awareness of the importance of

peace education and respect for human rights.

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The implementation of peace education in Indonesia has the potential to create a safer and

more inclusive learning environment and prepare Indonesia's young generation to become

future leaders who can build a more peaceful and just society.

Discussion

Peace education is about providing theoretical knowledge and changing the attitudes and

behaviours of individuals and society as a whole. By building a deep understanding of Human Rights

and peace values, peace education can be a powerful tool in combating discrimination, inequality, and

social conflict. Additionally, peace education can help create a safe and inclusive learning

environment in schools, encouraging collaboration, respect for diversity, and peaceful conflict

resolution.

The implications of this research are the importance of integrating peace education and Human

Rights values into national education policies and ensuring strong support from various stakeholders,

including governments, schools, civil society, and international institutions. With the right

implementation measures, Indonesia has the potential to create significant positive change in

building a more peaceful, just, and human rights-cultured society.

Overall, peace education is an instrument for teaching, transforming, strengthening, and

encouraging concrete action in realising a desired society where Human Rights and social justice are

key pillars in forming an inclusive and sustainable national identity.

4. Conclusion

The conclusion of this study is that peace education has a crucial role in strengthening the

understanding of Human Rights and promoting social justice in society. Peace education teaches the

theory of Human Rights by integrating peace values into the educational curriculum. It changes the

attitudes and behaviours of individuals and societies to respect human rights and overcome

discrimination and inequality. In Indonesia, the implementation of peace education faces unique

challenges from cultural diversity and a history of social conflict. However, it also opens up

opportunities to create an inclusive learning environment and prepare a more tolerant and active

generation to build peaceful and just societies. Strategic measures such as curriculum integration,

training for educators, and partnerships with civil society are the approaches needed to realise this

vision in a sustainable manner.

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